ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 1 of 20
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
ARDEX SP1
SYNONYMS
sealant
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S.(contains toluene and n-butanol)
PRODUCT USE
Sealant.
SUPPLIER
Company: Ardex Australia Pty Ltd
Address:
20 Powers Road
Seven Hills
NSW, 2147
AUS
Telephone: 1800 224 070
Fax: +61 2 9838 7817
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of NOHSC, and the ADG
Code.
CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
POISONS SCHEDULE
S6
RISK SAFETY
?Highly flammable. ?Keep away from sources of ignition. No smoking.
?Harmful if swallowed. ?Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapour/ spray.
?Irritating to eyes and skin. ?Use only in well ventilated areas.
?Harmful: danger of serious damage to health ?Keep container in a well ventilated place.
by prolonged exposure through inhalation.
?Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. ?Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions
before use.
?HARMFUL - May cause lung damage if ?Do not empty into drains.
swallowed.
?Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. ?To clean the floor and all objects contaminated
continued...
ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 2 of 20
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
by this material use water and detergent.
?Keep container tightly closed.
?Keep away from food drink and animal feeding
stuffs.
?In case of contact with eyes rinse with plenty of
water and contact Doctor or Poisons Information
Centre.
?If swallowed IMMEDIATELY contact Doctor or
Poisons Information Centre (show this container or
label).
?This material and its container must be disposed
of as hazardous waste.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
toluene 108-88-3 >50
n- butanol 71-36-3 2.5-10
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
?If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
?If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to
maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
?Observe the patient carefully.
?Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming
unconscious.
?Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink.
?Seek medical advice.
?Avoid giving milk or oils.
?Avoid giving alcohol.
?If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs, hold patient's head down, lower than their hips to help
avoid possible aspiration of vomitus.
EYE
?If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
?Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
?Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by
occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
?If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
?Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel.
SKIN
?If skin contact occurs:
?Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
?Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
?Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
INHALED
?If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
?Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
?Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to
initiating first aid procedures.
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 3 of 20
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
?Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask
device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
?Transport to hospital, or doctor.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
?Any material aspirated during vomiting may produce lung injury. Therefore emesis should not be induced
mechanically or pharmacologically. Mechanical means should be used if it is considered necessary to evacuate
the stomach contents; these include gastric lavage after endotracheal intubation. If spontaneous vomiting has
occurred after ingestion, the patient should be monitored for difficult breathing, as adverse effects of
aspiration into the lungs may be delayed up to 48 hours.
Following acute or short term repeated exposures to toluene:
?Toluene is absorbed across the alveolar barrier, the blood/air mixture being 11.2/15.6 (at 37 degrees C.)
The concentration of toluene, in expired breath, is of the order of 18 ppm following sustained exposure to
100 ppm. The tissue/blood proportion is 1/3 except in adipose where the proportion is 8/10.
?Metabolism by microsomal mono-oxygenation, results in the production of hippuric acid. This may be detected
in the urine in amounts between 0.5 and 2.5 g/24 hr which represents, on average 0.8 gm/gm of creatinine. The
biological half-life of hippuric acid is in the order of 1-2 hours.
?Primary threat to life from ingestion and/or inhalation is respiratory failure.
?Patients should be quickly evaluated for signs of respiratory distress (eg cyanosis, tachypnoea,
intercostal retraction, obtundation) and given oxygen. Patients with inadequate tidal volumes or poor
arterial blood gases (pO2 <50 mm Hg or pCO2 > 50 mm Hg) should be intubated.
?Arrhythmias complicate some hydrocarbon ingestion and/or inhalation and electrocardiographic evidence of
myocardial damage has been reported; intravenous lines and cardiac monitors should be established in
obviously symptomatic patients. The lungs excrete inhaled solvents, so that hyperventilation improves
clearance.
?A chest x-ray should be taken immediately after stabilisation of breathing and circulation to document
aspiration and detect the presence of pneumothorax.
?Epinephrine (adrenaline) is not recommended for treatment of bronchospasm because of potential myocardial
sensitisation to catecholamines. Inhaled cardioselective bronchodilators (e.g. Alupent, Salbutamol) are the
preferred agents, with aminophylline a second choice.
?Lavage is indicated in patients who require decontamination; ensure use.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker exposed at the
Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comments
o- Cresol in urine 0.5 mg/L End of shift B
Hippuric acid in urine 1.6 g/g creatinine End of shift B, NS
Toluene in blood 0.05 mg/L Prior to last shift of
workweek
NS: Non-specific determinant; also observed after exposure to other material
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
?Foam.
?Dry chemical powder.
?BCF (where regulations permit).
?Carbon dioxide.
?Water spray or fog - Large fires only.
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 4 of 20
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
FIRE FIGHTING
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?May be violently or explosively reactive.
?Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
?Consider evacuation (or protect in place).
?Fight fire from a safe distance, with adequate cover.
?If safe, switch off electrical equipment until vapour fire hazard removed.
?Use water delivered as a fine spray to control the fire and cool adjacent area.
?Avoid spraying water onto liquid pools.
?Do not approach containers suspected to be hot.
?Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
?If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
When any large container (including road and rail tankers) is involved in a fire,
consider evacuation by 500 metres in all directions.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
?Liquid and vapour are highly flammable.
?Severe fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame and/or oxidisers.
?Vapour may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition.
?Heating may cause expansion or decomposition leading to violent rupture of containers.
?On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO).
Combustion products include: carbon dioxide (CO2), other pyrolysis products typical of burning organic
material.
Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure buildup under fire conditions.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
?Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine
etc. as ignition may result.
HAZCHEM: 3YE
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
?Remove all ignition sources.
?Clean up all spills immediately.
?Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
?Control personal contact by using protective equipment.
?Contain and absorb small quantities with vermiculite or other absorbent material.
?Wipe up.
?Collect residues in a flammable waste container.
MAJOR SPILLS
?Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?May be violently or explosively reactive.
?Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
?Consider evacuation (or protect in place).
?No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
?Increase ventilation.
?Stop leak if safe to do so.
?Water spray or fog may be used to disperse /absorb vapour.
continued...
ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 5 of 20
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
?Contain spill with sand, earth or vermiculite.
?Use only spark-free shovels and explosion proof equipment.
?Collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling.
?Absorb remaining product with sand, earth or vermiculite.
?Collect solid residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
?Wash area and prevent runoff into drains.
?If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed
for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
toluene 1000ppm
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take
protective action is:
toluene 300ppm
other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
toluene 50ppm
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
?Containers, even those that have been emptied, may contain explosive vapours.
?Do NOT cut, drill, grind, weld or perform similar operations on or near containers.
Contains low boiling substance:
Storage in sealed containers may result in pressure buildup causing violent rupture of containers not rated
appropriately.
?Check for bulging containers.
?Vent periodically
?Always release caps or seals slowly to ensure slow dissipation of vapours.
?DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin.
?Electrostatic discharge may be generated during pumping - this may result in fire.
?Ensure electrical continuity by bonding and grounding (earthing) all equipment.
?Restrict line velocity during pumping in order to avoid generation of electrostatic discharge (<=1 m/sec
until fill pipe submerged to twice its diameter, then <= 7 m/sec).
?Avoid splash filling.
?Do NOT use compressed air for filling discharging or handling operations.
?Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
?Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
?Use in a well-ventilated area.
?Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
?DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 6 of 20
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
?Avoid smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.
?When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
?Vapour may ignite on pumping or pouring due to static electricity.
?DO NOT use plastic buckets.
?Earth and secure metal containers when dispensing or pouring product.
?Use spark-free tools when handling.
?Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
?Keep containers securely sealed.
?Avoid physical damage to containers.
?Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
?Work clothes should be laundered separately.
?Use good occupational work practice.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
?Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure safe working
conditions.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
?Packing as supplied by manufacturer.
?Plastic containers may only be used if approved for flammable liquid.
?Check that containers are clearly labelled and free from leaks.
?For low viscosity materials (i) : Drums and jerry cans must be of the non-removable head type. (ii) : Where
a can is to be used as an inner package, the can must have a screwed enclosure.
?For materials with a viscosity of at least 2680 cSt. (23 deg. C)
?For manufactured product having a viscosity of at least 250 cSt. (23 deg. C)
?Manufactured product that requires stirring before use and having a viscosity of at least 20 cSt (25 deg. C)
(i) : Removable head packaging;
(ii) : Cans with friction closures and
(iii) : low pressure tubes and cartridges may be used.
?Where combination packages are used, and the inner packages are of glass, there must be sufficient inert
cushioning material in contact with inner and outer packages
?In addition, where inner packagings are glass and contain liquids of packing group I there must be
sufficient inert absorbent to absorb any spillage, unless the outer packaging is a close fitting moulded
plastic box and the substances are not incompatible with the plastic.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
?Toluene:
?reacts violently with strong oxidisers, bromine, bromine trifluoride, chlorine, hydrochloric acid/ sulfuric
acid mixture, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidindione, dinitrogen tetraoxide, fluorine, concentrated
nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, silver chloride, sulfur dichloride, uranium fluoride, vinyl acetate
?forms explosive mixtures with strong acids, strong oxidisers, silver perchlorate, tetranitromethane
?is incompatible with bis-toluenediazo oxide
?attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings
?may generate electrostatic charges, due to low conductivity, on flow or agitation.
For alkyl aromatics:
The alkyl side chain of aromatic rings can undergo oxidation by several mechanisms. The most common and
dominant one is the attack by oxidation at benzylic carbon as the intermediate formed is stabilised by
resonance structure of the ring.
?Following reaction with oxygen and under the influence of sunlight, a hydroperoxide at the alpha-position
to the aromatic ring, is the primary oxidation product formed (provided a hydrogen atom is initially
available at this position) - this product is often short-lived but may be stable dependent on the nature of
the aromatic substitution; a secondary C-H bond is more easily attacked than a primary C-H bond whilst a
tertiary C-H bond is even more susceptible to attack by oxygen
?Monoalkylbenzenes may subsequently form monocarboxylic acids; alkyl naphthalenes mainly produce the
corresponding naphthalene carboxylic acids.
?Oxidation in the presence of transition metal salts not only accelerates but also selectively decomposes
the hydroperoxides.
?Hock-rearrangement by the influence of strong acids converts the hydroperoxides to hemiacetals. Peresters
formed from the hydroperoxides undergo Criegee rearrangement easily.
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 7 of 20
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
?Alkali metals accelerate the oxidation while CO2 as co-oxidant enhances the selectivity.
?Microwave conditions give improved yields of the oxidation products.
?Photo-oxidation products may occur following reaction with hydroxyl radicals and NOx - these may be
components of photochemical smogs.
Oxidation of Alkylaromatics: T.S.S Rao and Shubhra Awasthi: E-Journal of Chemistry Vol 4, No. 1, pp 1-13
January 2007.
?Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic rings
and strong oxidising agents.
?Aromatics can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
?Store in original containers in approved flame-proof area.
?No smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.
?DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be trapped.
?Keep containers securely sealed.
?Store away from incompatible materials in a cool, dry well ventilated area.
?Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material TWA ppm TWA mg/m?TEL ppm STEL
S Peak ppm Peak
mg/m? mg/m?br>
_______ _______
___________ ___________ _______ _______ _______ _______
Australia Exposure toluene (Toluene) 50 191 150 574
Standards
Australia Exposure n- butanol (n- Butyl 50 152
Standards alcohol)
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Revised IDLH Value (mg/m3) Revised IDLH Value (ppm)
toluene 500
n- butanol 1, 400 [LEL]
NOTES
Values marked LEL indicate that the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit
for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that
irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.
MATERIAL DATA
?For toluene:
Odour Threshold Value: 0.16-6.7 (detection), 1.9-69 (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 5 ppm, are available.
High concentrations of toluene in the air produce depression of the central nervous system (CNS) in humans.
Intentional toluene exposure (glue-sniffing) at maternally-intoxicating concentration has also produced birth
defects. Foetotoxicity appears at levels associated with CNS narcosis and probably occurs only in those with
chronic toluene-induced kidney failure. Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to prevent
transient headache and irritation, to provide a measure of safety for possible disturbances to human
reproduction, the prevention of reductions in cognitive responses reported amongst humans inhaling greater
than 40 ppm, and the significant risks of hepatotoxic, behavioural and nervous system effects (including
impaired reaction time and incoordination). Although toluene/ethanol interactions are well recognised, the
degree of protection afforded by the TLV-TWA among drinkers is not known.
Odour Safety Factor(OSF)
OSF=17 (TOLUENE).
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 8 of 20
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
For n-butanol:
Odour Threshold Value: 0.12-3.4 ppm (detection), 1.0-3.5 ppm (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes for n-butanol, measuring in excess of 5 ppm are commercially available.
Exposure at or below the TLV-TWA is thought to provide protection against hearing loss due to vestibular and
auditory nerve damage in younger workers and to protect against the significant risk of headache and
irritation.
25 ppm may produce mild irritation of the respiratory tract 50 ppm may produce headache and vertigo.
Higher concentrations may produce marked irritation, sore throat, coughing, nausea, shortness of breath,
pulmonary injury and central nervous system depression characterised by headache, dizziness, dullness and
drowsiness.
6000 ppm may produce giddiness, prostration, narcosis, ataxia, and death.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF)
OSF=60 (n-BUTANOL).
INGREDIENT DATA
TOLUENE:
?For toluene:
Odour Threshold Value: 0.16-6.7 (detection), 1.9-69 (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 5 ppm, are available.
High concentrations of toluene in the air produce depression of the central nervous system (CNS) in
humans. Intentional toluene exposure (glue-sniffing) at maternally-intoxicating concentration has also
produced birth defects. Foetotoxicity appears at levels associated with CNS narcosis and probably occurs only
in those with chronic toluene-induced kidney failure. Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought
to prevent transient headache and irritation, to provide a measure of safety for possible disturbances to
human reproduction, the prevention of reductions in cognitive responses reported amongst humans inhaling
greater than 40 ppm, and the significant risks of hepatotoxic, behavioural and nervous system effects
(including impaired reaction time and incoordination). Although toluene/ethanol interactions are well
recognised, the degree of protection afforded by the TLV-TWA among drinkers is not known.
Odour Safety Factor(OSF)
OSF=17 (TOLUENE).
N-BUTANOL:
?For n-butanol:
Odour Threshold Value: 0.12-3.4 ppm (detection), 1.0-3.5 ppm (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes for n-butanol, measuring in excess of 5 ppm are commercially available.
Exposure at or below the TLV-TWA is thought to provide protection against hearing loss due to vestibular
and auditory nerve damage in younger workers and to protect against the significant risk of headache and
irritation.
25 ppm may produce mild irritation of the respiratory tract 50 ppm may produce headache and vertigo.
Higher concentrations may produce marked irritation, sore throat, coughing, nausea, shortness of breath,
pulmonary injury and central nervous system depression characterised by headache, dizziness, dullness and
drowsiness.
6000 ppm may produce giddiness, prostration, narcosis, ataxia, and death.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF)
OSF=60 (n-BUTANOL).
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
?Safety glasses with side shields.
?Chemical goggles.
?Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and concentrate irritants. A
written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or restrictions on use, should be created for each
workplace or task. This should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals
in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their
removal and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begin eye
irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be removed at the first
signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed in a clean environment only after workers have
continued...
ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 9 of 20
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
washed hands thoroughly. [CDC NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
?Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC.
?Wear safety footwear or safety gumboots, eg. Rubber.
Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Factors such as:
?frequency and duration of contact,
?chemical resistance of glove material,
?glove thickness and
?dexterity,
are important in the selection of gloves.
OTHER
?Overalls.
?PVC Apron.
?PVC protective suit may be required if exposure severe.
?Eyewash unit.
?Ensure there is ready access to a safety shower.
?Some plastic personal protective equipment (PPE) (e.g. gloves, aprons, overshoes) are not recommended as
they may produce static electricity.
RESPIRATOR
?Selection of the Class and Type of respirator will depend upon the level of breathing zone contaminant and
the chemical nature of the contaminant. Protection Factors (defined as the ratio of contaminant outside and
inside the mask) may also be important.
Breathing Zone Level Maximum Protection Half- face Respirator Full- Face Respirator
ppm (volume) Factor
1000 10 ANO- AUS -
1000 50 - ANO- AUS
5000 50 Airline * -
5000 100 - ANO- 2
10000 100 - ANO- 3
100+ Airline**
* - Continuous Flow ** - Continuous-flow or positive pressure demand.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of personal protective
equipment required. For further information consult site specific CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
?For flammable liquids and flammable gases, local exhaust ventilation or a process enclosure ventilation
system may be required. Ventilation equipment should be explosion-resistant.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Colourless highly flammable liquid with an aromatic odour; partly mixes with water.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Liquid.
Molecular Weight: Not Applicable Boiling Range (?>70
C):
Melting Range (?Not Available
C): Specific Gravity (water= 1): 0.95
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 10 of 20
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Solubility in water (g/L): Partly Miscible pH (as supplied): Not Applicable
pH (1% solution): Not Applicable Vapour Pressure (kPa): 2.9 @ 20C
Volatile Component (%vol): Not Available Evaporation Rate: Not Available
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not Available Flash Point (?8
C):
Lower Explosive Limit (%): 1.2 Upper Explosive Limit (%): 7.0
Autoignition Temp (?340
C): Decomposition Temp (?Not Av ailable
C):
State: Liquid Viscosity: Not Available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
?Presence of incompatible materials.
?Product is considered stable.
?Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
For incompatible materials - refer to Section 7 - Handling and Storage.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
?Accidental ingestion of the material may be harmful; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less
than 150 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual.
Swallowing of the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; serious
consequences may result. (ICSC13733).
Swallowing of n-butanol may cause breathing difficulty, headache, nausea, vomiting, upper respiratory tract
irritation, mucous membrane irritation, central nervous system depression.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments. The liquid may produce
gastrointestinal discomfort and may be harmful if swallowed. Ingestion may result in nausea, pain and
vomiting. Vomit entering the lungs by aspiration may cause potentially lethal chemical pneumonitis.
EYE
?Workers exposed to 200 ppm n-butanol showed ocular symptoms including corneal inflammation, burning
sensation, blurring of vision, lachrymation, and photophobia. 100 ppm produced no systemic effects and
reports of irritation of the eyes was rare.
The liquid produces a high level of eye discomfort and is capable of causing pain and severe conjunctivitis.
Corneal injury may develop, with possible permanent impairment of vision, if not promptly and adequately
treated.
There is evidence that material may produce eye irritation in some persons and produce eye damage 24 hours or
more after instillation. Severe inflammation may be expected with pain. There may be damage to the cornea.
Unless treatment is prompt and adequate there may be permanent loss of vision. Conjunctivitis can occur
following repeated exposure.
SKIN
?The material may cause moderate inflammation of the skin either following direct contact or after a delay
of some time. Repeated exposure can cause contact dermatitis which is characterised by redness, swelling and
blistering.
Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following
absorption.
Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury
with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage
is suitably protected.
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ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 11 of 20
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
INHALED
?Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. This may be accompanied by sleepiness, reduced
alertness, loss of reflexes, lack of co-ordination, and vertigo.
Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be
damaging to the health of the individual.
The acute toxicity of inhaled alkylbenzenes is best described by central nervous system depression. As a rule,
these compounds may also act as general anaesthetics.
Systemic poisoning produced by general anaesthesia is characterised by lightheadedness, nervousness,
apprehension, euphoria, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, tinnitus, blurred or double vision, vomiting and
sensations of heat, cold or numbness, twitching, tremors, convulsions, unconsciousness and respiratory
depression and arrest. Cardiac arrest may result from cardiovascular collapse. Bradycardia, and hypotension
may also be produced.
Inhaled alkylbenzene vapours cause death in animals at air levels that are relatively similar (typically
LC50s are in the range 5000 -8000 ppm for 4 to 8 hour exposures). It is likely that acute inhalation exposure
to alkylbenzenes resembles that to general anaesthetics.
Alkylbenzenes are not generally toxic other than at high levels of exposure. This may be because their
metabolites have a low order of toxicity and are easily excreted. There is little or no evidence to suggest
that metabolic pathways can become saturated leading to spillover to alternate pathways. Nor is there
evidence that toxic reactive intermediates, which may produce subsequent toxic or mutagenic effects, are
formed.
Human subjects exposed to 24 ppm n-butanol experienced mild irritation which became objectionable. Headaches
were reported at 50 ppm.
Exposure by mice to 6600 ppm produced signs of marked central nervous system (CNS) depression, including
prostration after 2 hours, narcosis after 3 hours and some deaths.
Although n-butanol is odourous and generally possesses adequate warning properties, the olfactory senses may
become fatigued.
Inhalation of high concentrations of gas/vapour causes lung irritation with coughing and nausea, central
nervous depression with headache and dizziness, slowing of reflexes, fatigue and inco-ordination.
The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined space may result in increased exposure and
an irritating atmosphere developing.
Before starting consider control of exposure by mechanical ventilation.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
?Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.
This material can cause serious damage if one is exposed to it for long periods. It can be assumed that it
contains a substance which can produce severe defects. This has been demonstrated via both short- and long-
term experimentation.
Based on experience with animal studies, exposure to the material may result in toxic effects to the
development of the foetus, at levels which do not cause significant toxic effects to the mother.
There has been some concern that this material can cause cancer or mutations but there is not enough data to
make an assessment.
Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long-
term occupational exposure.
Serious systemic effects from exposure to n-butanol in the form of auditory and vestibular nerve damage have
been reported amongst workers in France and Mexico. Audiologic impairment was produced in workers exposed to
80 ppm n-butanol with unprotected noise exposure. Workers exposed over a 15 year period (1929-1944) exhibited
severe vertigo and vertiges gravis. Workers exposed from 3-11 years without personal protective equipment
from noise experienced greater hearing loss (hypoacusia) in direct relation to exposure time when compared to
a control group exposed to industrial noise of 90-100 dB but with n-butanol exposure. Average hearing loss
was not large but the workers had central frequencies of 21.98 dB (11.59 dB minimum and 32.30 dB maximum)
with a mean widening of the break between 3000 and 4000 Hz of 42.22 dB. There was a tendency of the averages
to decrease as the frequencies moved away from the central zone. Affected workers were aged from 20-39 years.
[ACGIH Documentation of TLVs].
Intentional abuse (glue sniffing) or occupational exposure to toluene can result in chronic habituation.
Chronic abuse has caused inco-ordination, tremors of the extremeties (due to widespread cerebrum withering),
headache, abnormal speech, temporary memory loss, convulsions, coma, drowsiness, reduced colour perception,
blindness, nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements), hearing loss leading to deafness and mild dementia.
Toluene addicts often display a range of disease phenomena in their nervous systems. Toluene abuse can cause
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
kidney disease but occupational toluene exposures usually do not cause it. Chronic exposure to toluene can
damage the heart and the blood, especially causing heartbeat irregularities. High concentrations of toluene
can harm the unborn baby and the developing infant.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
?unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
?The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skin
redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and thickening of the skin.
For toluene:
Acute Toxicity
Humans exposed to intermediate to high levels of toluene for short periods of time experience adverse central
nervous system effects ranging from headaches to intoxication, convulsions, narcosis, and death. Similar
effects are observed in short-term animal studies.
Humans - Toluene ingestion or inhalation can result in severe central nervous system depression, and in large
doses, can act as a narcotic. The ingestion of about 60 mL resulted in fatal nervous system depression within
30 minutes in one reported case.
Constriction and necrosis of myocardial fibers, markedly swollen liver, congestion and haemorrhage of the
lungs and acute tubular necrosis were found on autopsy.
Central nervous system effects (headaches, dizziness, intoxication) and eye irritation occurred following
inhalation exposure to 100 ppm toluene 6 hours/day for 4 days.
Exposure to 600 ppm for 8 hours resulted in the same and more serious symptoms including euphoria, dilated
pupils, convulsions, and nausea . Exposure to 10,000-30,000 ppm has been reported to cause narcosis and death
Toluene can also strip the skin of lipids causing dermatitis
Animals - The initial effects are instability and incoordination, lachrymation and sniffles (respiratory
exposure), followed by narcosis. Animals die of respiratory failure from severe nervous system depression.
Cloudy swelling of the kidneys was reported in rats following inhalation exposure to 1600 ppm, 18-20
hours/day for 3 days
Subchronic/Chronic Effects:
Repeat doses of toluene cause adverse central nervous system effects and can damage the upper respiratory
system, the liver, and the kidney. Adverse effects occur as a result from both oral and the inhalation
exposures. A reported lowest-observed-effect level in humans for adverse neurobehavioral effects is 88 ppm.
Humans - Chronic occupational exposure and incidences of toluene abuse have resulted in hepatomegaly and
liver function changes. It has also resulted in nephrotoxicity and, in one case, was a cardiac sensitiser and
fatal cardiotoxin.
Neural and cerebellar dystrophy were reported in several cases of habitual "glue sniffing." An
epidemiological study in France on workers chronically exposed to toluene fumes reported leukopenia and
neutropenia. Exposure levels were not given in the secondary reference; however, the average urinary
excretion of hippuric acid, a metabolite of toluene, was given as 4 g/L compared to a normal level of 0.6 g/L
Animals - The major target organs for the subchronic/chronic toxicity of toluene are the nervous system,
liver, and kidney. Depressed immune response has been reported in male mice given doses of 105 mg/kg/day for
28 days. Toluene in corn oil administered to F344 male and female rats by gavage 5 days/week for 13 weeks,
induced prostration, hypoactivity, ataxia, piloerection, lachrymation, excess salivation, and body tremors at
doses 2500 mg/kg. Liver, kidney, and heart weights were also increased at this dose and histopathologic
lesions were seen in the liver, kidneys, brain and urinary bladder. The no-observed-adverse effect level
(NOAEL) for the study was 312 mg/kg (223 mg/kg/day) and the lowest-observed-adverse effect level (LOAEL) for
the study was 625 mg/kg (446 mg/kg/day) .
Developmental/Reproductive Toxicity
Exposures to high levels of toluene can result in adverse effects in the developing human foetus. Several
studies have indicated that high levels of toluene can also adversely effect the developing offspring in
laboratory animals.
Humans - Variable growth, microcephaly, CNS dysfunction, attentional deficits, minor craniofacial and limb
abnormalities, and developmental delay were seen in three children exposed to toluene in utero as a result of
maternal solvent abuse before and during pregnancy
Animals - Sternebral alterations, extra ribs, and missing tails were reported following treatment of rats
with 1500 mg/m3 toluene 24 hours/day during days 9-14 of gestation. Two of the dams died during the exposure.
Another group of rats received 1000 mg/m3 8 hours/day during days 1-21 of gestation. No maternal deaths or
toxicity occurred, however, minor skeletal retardation was present in the exposed fetuses. CFLP Mice were
exposed to 500 or 1500 mg/m3 toluene continuously during days 6-13 of pregnancy. All dams died at the high
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
dose during the first 24 hours of exposure, however none died at 500 mg/m3. Decreased foetal weight was
reported, but there were no differences in the incidences of skeletal malformations or anomalies between the
treated and control offspring.
Absorption - Studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that toluene is readily absorbed via the lungs
and the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption through the skin is estimated at about 1% of that absorbed by the
lungs when exposed to toluene vapor.
Dermal absorption is expected to be higher upon exposure to the liquid; however, exposure is limited by the
rapid evaporation of toluene .
Distribution - In studies with mice exposed to radiolabeled toluene by inhalation, high levels of
radioactivity were present in body fat, bone marrow, spinal nerves, spinal cord, and brain white matter.
Lower levels of radioactivity were present in blood, kidney, and liver. Accumulation of toluene has generally
been found in adipose tissue, other tissues with high fat content, and in highly vascularised tissues .
Metabolism - The metabolites of inhaled or ingested toluene include benzyl alcohol resulting from the
hydroxylation of the methyl group. Further oxidation results in the formation of benzaldehyde and benzoic
acid. The latter is conjugated with glycine to yield hippuric acid or reacted with glucuronic acid to form
benzoyl glucuronide. o-cresol and p-cresol formed by ring hydroxylation are considered minor metabolites
Excretion - Toluene is primarily (60-70%) excreted through the urine as hippuric acid. The excretion of
benzoyl glucuronide accounts for 10-20%, and excretion of unchanged toluene through the lungs also
for 10-20%. Excretion of hippuric acid is usually complete within 24 hours after exposure.
TOLUENE:
?unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (human) LDLo: 50 mg/kg Skin (rabbit):20 mg/24h- Moderate
Oral (rat) LD50: 636 mg/kg Skin (rabbit):500 mg - Moderate
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 100 ppm Eye (rabbit):0.87 mg - Mild
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 200 ppm Eye (rabbit): 2mg/24h - SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) LC50: >26700 ppm/1h Eye (rabbit):100 mg/30sec - Mild
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 12124 mg/kg
?The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skin
redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and thickening of the skin.
For toluene:
Acute Toxicity
Humans exposed to intermediate to high levels of toluene for short periods of time experience adverse central
nervous system effects ranging from headaches to intoxication, convulsions, narcosis, and death. Similar
effects are observed in short-term animal studies.
Humans - Toluene ingestion or inhalation can result in severe central nervous system depression, and in large
doses, can act as a narcotic. The ingestion of about 60 mL resulted in fatal nervous system depression within
30 minutes in one reported case.
Constriction and necrosis of myocardial fibers, markedly swollen liver, congestion and haemorrhage of the
lungs and acute tubular necrosis were found on autopsy.
Central nervous system effects (headaches, dizziness, intoxication) and eye irritation occurred following
inhalation exposure to 100 ppm toluene 6 hours/day for 4 days.
Exposure to 600 ppm for 8 hours resulted in the same and more serious symptoms including euphoria, dilated
pupils, convulsions, and nausea . Exposure to 10,000-30,000 ppm has been reported to cause narcosis and death
Toluene can also strip the skin of lipids causing dermatitis
Animals - The initial effects are instability and incoordination, lachrymation and sniffles (respiratory
exposure), followed by narcosis. Animals die of respiratory failure from severe nervous system depression.
Cloudy swelling of the kidneys was reported in rats following inhalation exposure to 1600 ppm, 18-20
hours/day for 3 days
Subchronic/Chronic Effects:
Repeat doses of toluene cause adverse central nervous system effects and can damage the upper respiratory
system, the liver, and the kidney. Adverse effects occur as a result from both oral and the inhalation
exposures. A reported lowest-observed-effect level in humans for adverse neurobehavioral effects is 88 ppm.
Humans - Chronic occupational exposure and incidences of toluene abuse have resulted in hepatomegaly and
liver function changes. It has also resulted in nephrotoxicity and, in one case, was a cardiac sensitiser and
fatal cardiotoxin.
Neural and cerebellar dystrophy were reported in several cases of habitual "glue sniffing." An
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
epidemiological study in France on workers chronically exposed to toluene fumes reported leukopenia and
neutropenia. Exposure levels were not given in the secondary reference; however, the average urinary
excretion of hippuric acid, a metabolite of toluene, was given as 4 g/L compared to a normal level of 0.6 g/L
Animals - The major target organs for the subchronic/chronic toxicity of toluene are the nervous system,
liver, and kidney. Depressed immune response has been reported in male mice given doses of 105 mg/kg/day for
28 days. Toluene in corn oil administered to F344 male and female rats by gavage 5 days/week for 13 weeks,
induced prostration, hypoactivity, ataxia, piloerection, lachrymation, excess salivation, and body tremors at
doses 2500 mg/kg. Liver, kidney, and heart weights were also increased at this dose and histopathologic
lesions were seen in the liver, kidneys, brain and urinary bladder. The no-observed-adverse effect level
(NOAEL) for the study was 312 mg/kg (223 mg/kg/day) and the lowest-observed-adverse effect level (LOAEL) for
the study was 625 mg/kg (446 mg/kg/day) .
Developmental/Reproductive Toxicity
Exposures to high levels of toluene can result in adverse effects in the developing human foetus. Several
studies have indicated that high levels of toluene can also adversely effect the developing offspring in
laboratory animals.
Humans - Variable growth, microcephaly, CNS dysfunction, attentional deficits, minor craniofacial and limb
abnormalities, and developmental delay were seen in three children exposed to toluene in utero as a result of
maternal solvent abuse before and during pregnancy
Animals - Sternebral alterations, extra ribs, and missing tails were reported following treatment of rats
with 1500 mg/m3 toluene 24 hours/day during days 9-14 of gestation. Two of the dams died during the exposure.
Another group of rats received 1000 mg/m3 8 hours/day during days 1-21 of gestation. No maternal deaths or
toxicity occurred, however, minor skeletal retardation was present in the exposed fetuses. CFLP Mice were
exposed to 500 or 1500 mg/m3 toluene continuously during days 6-13 of pregnancy. All dams died at the high
dose during the first 24 hours of exposure, however none died at 500 mg/m3. Decreased foetal weight was
reported, but there were no differences in the incidences of skeletal malformations or anomalies between the
treated and control offspring.
Absorption - Studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that toluene is readily absorbed via the lungs
and the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption through the skin is estimated at about 1% of that absorbed by the
lungs when exposed to toluene vapor.
Dermal absorption is expected to be higher upon exposure to the liquid; however, exposure is limited by the
rapid evaporation of toluene .
Distribution - In studies with mice exposed to radiolabeled toluene by inhalation, high levels of
radioactivity were present in body fat, bone marrow, spinal nerves, spinal cord, and brain white matter.
Lower levels of radioactivity were present in blood, kidney, and liver. Accumulation of toluene has generally
been found in adipose tissue, other tissues with high fat content, and in highly vascularised tissues .
Metabolism - The metabolites of inhaled or ingested toluene include benzyl alcohol resulting from the
hydroxylation of the methyl group. Further oxidation results in the formation of benzaldehyde and benzoic
acid. The latter is conjugated with glycine to yield hippuric acid or reacted with glucuronic acid to form
benzoyl glucuronide. o-cresol and p-cresol formed by ring hydroxylation are considered minor metabolites
Excretion - Toluene is primarily (60-70%) excreted through the urine as hippuric acid. The excretion of
benzoyl glucuronide accounts for 10-20%, and excretion of unchanged toluene through the lungs also
for 10-20%. Excretion of hippuric acid is usually complete within 24 hours after exposure.
N-BUTANOL:
?unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 790 mg/kg Skin (rabbit): 405 mg/24h- Moderate
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 25 ppm Eye (human): 50 ppm - Irritant
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 8000 ppm/4h Eye (rabbit): 1.6 mg- SEVERE
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 3400 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 24 mg/24h- SEVERE
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 86000 mg/m?br>
?Asthma-like symptoms may continue for months or even years after exposure to the material ceases. This may
be due to a non-allergenic condition known as reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) which can occur
following exposure to high levels of highly irritating compound. Key criteria for the diagnosis of RADS
include the absence of preceding respiratory disease, in a non-atopic individual, with abrupt onset of
persistent asthma-like symptoms within minutes to hours of a documented exposure to the irritant. A
reversible airflow pattern, on spirometry, with the presence of moderate to severe bronchial hyperreactivity
on methacholine challenge testing and the lack of minimal lymphocytic inflammation, without eosinophilia,
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
have also been included in the criteria for diagnosis of RADS. RADS (or asthma) following an irritating
inhalation is an infrequent disorder with rates related to the concentration of and duration of exposure to
the irritating substance. Industrial bronchitis, on the other hand, is a disorder that occurs as result of
exposure due to high concentrations of irritating substance (often particulate in nature) and is completely
reversible after exposure ceases. The disorder is characterised by dyspnea, cough and mucus production.
The material may produce severe irritation to the eye causing pronounced inflammation. Repeated or prolonged
exposure to irritants may produce conjunctivitis.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skin
redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and thickening of the skin.
CARCINOGEN
toluene International Agency for Research on Cancer Group 3
(IARC) Carcinogens
REPROTOXIN
toluene ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry Reduced fertility or
that have toxic effects on reproduction sterility
SKIN
toluene Australia Exposure Standards - Skin Notes Sk
n- butanol Australia Exposure Standards - Skin Notes Sk
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Marine Pollutant: Not Determined
?DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
Refer to data for ingredients, which follows:
TOLUENE:
?Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes
?Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 7.3- 22.8
?BCF<100: 13.2 (EELS
?log Kow (Sangster 1997): 2.73
?log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 2.69
?BOD5: 5%
?COD: 21%
?ThOD: 3.13
?Half- life Soil - High (hours): 528
?Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 96
?Half- life Air - High (hours): 104
?Half- life Air - Low (hours): 10
?Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 528
?Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 96
?Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 672
?Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 168
?Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 528
?Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 96
?Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 5040
?Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 1344
?Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 75%
?Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano- m): 268
?Photolysis maximum light absorption - Low (nano- m): 253.5
?Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 1284
?Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 321
?Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 104
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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
?Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 10
?For toluene:
log Kow : 2.1-3
log Koc : 1.12-2.85
Koc : 37-260
log Kom : 1.39-2.89
Half-life (hr) air : 2.4-104
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water : 5.55-528
Half-life (hr) H2O ground : 168-2628
Half-life (hr) soil : <48-240
Henry's Pa m3 /mol: 518-694
Henry's atm m3 /mol: 5.94E-03
BOD 5 0.86-2.12, 5%
COD : 0.7-2.52,21-27%
ThOD : 3.13
BCF : 1.67-380
log BCF : 0.22-3.28
Environmental fate:
Transport: The majority of toluene evaporates to the atmosphere from the water and soil.It is moderately
retarded by adsorption to soils rich in organic material (Koc = 259), therefore, transport to ground water is
dependent on the soil composition. In unsaturated topsoil containing organic material, it has been estimated
that 97% of the toluene is adsorbed to the soil and only about 2% is in the soil-water phase and transported
with flowing groundwater. There is little retardation in sandy soils and 2-13% of the toluene was estimated
to migrate with flowing water; the remainder was volatilised, biodegraded, or unaccounted for. In saturated
deep soils with no soil-air phase, about 48% may be transported with flowing groundwater.
Transformation/Persistence:
Air - The main degradation pathway for toluene in the atmosphere is reaction with photochemically produced
hydroxyl radicals. The estimated atmospheric half life for toluene is about 13 hours. Toluene is also
oxidised by reactions with atmospheric nitrogen dioxide, oxygen, and ozone, but these are minor degradation
pathways. Photolysis is not considered a significant degradative pathway for toluene
Soil - In surface soil, volatilisation to air is an important fate process for toluene. Biodegradation of
toluene has been demonstrated in the laboratory to occur with a half life of about 1 hour. In the environment,
biodegradation of toluene to carbon dioxide occurs with a typical half life of 1-7 days.
Water - An important fate process for toluene is volatilization, the rate of which depends on the amount of
turbulence in the surface water .The volatilisation of toluene from static water has a half life of 1-16 days,
whereas from turbulent water the half life is 5-6 hours. Degradation of toluene in surface water occurs
primarily by biodegradation with a half life of less than one day under favorable conditions (presence of
microorganisms, microbial adaptation, and optimum temperature). Biodegradation also occurs in shallow
groundwater and in salt water at a reduced rate). No data are available on anaerobic degradation of toluene
in deep ground water conditions where aerobic degradation would be minimal .
Biota - Bioaccumulation in most organisms is limited by the metabolism of toluene into more polar compounds
that have greater water solubility and a lower affinity for lipids. Bioaccumulation in the food chain is
predicted to be low.
Ecotoxicity:
Toluene has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic organisms; several toxicity values are in the range of greater
than 1 mg/L and 100 mg/L.
Fish LC50 (96 h): fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) 12.6-72 mg/l; Lepomis macrochirus 13-24 mg/l;
guppy (Poecilia reticulata) 28.2-59.3 mg/l; channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) 240 mg/l; goldfish
(Carassius auratus): 22.8-57.68 mg/l
Crustaceans LC50 (96 h): grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) 9.5 ppm, crab larvae stage (Cancer magister) 28
ppm; shrimp (Crangon franciscorum) 4.3 ppm; daggerblade grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) 9.5 mg/l
Algae EC50 (24 h): green algae (Chlorella vulgaris) 245 mg/l (growth); (72 h) green algae (Selenastrum
capricornutum) 12.5 mg/l (growth).
N-BUTANOL:
?Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 1910- 1940
?Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l): 1983
?Algae IC50 (72hr.) (mg/l): 650
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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
?log Kow (Prager 1995): 0.88
?log Kow (Sangster 1997): 0.84
?log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 0.88
?Half- life Soil - High (hours): 168
?Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 24
?Half- life Air - High (hours): 87.7
?Half- life Air - Low (hours): 8.8
?Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 168
?Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 24
?Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 1296
?Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 48
?Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 168
?Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 24
?Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 1296
?Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 96
?Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 99%
?Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - Low (hours): 31%
?Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 104000
?Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 2602
?Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 87.7
?Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 8.8
log Kow: 0.88
Koc: 71.6
Half-life (hr) air: 5-52
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 2.4-3022
Henry's atm m?/mol: 5.57E-06
BOD 5 if unstated: 1.1-2.04,33%
COD: 1.9,92%
ThOD: 2.594
Fish: LD100 (24 h): 1.4 g/L
Fish LC50 (96 h ): 1.91g/L
Toxicity invertebrate: cell mult. inhib.8-650mg/L
Bioaccumulation: not sig
Nitrif. inhib.: 50% inhib at 8200mg/L
Effects on algae and plankton: cell mult. inhib.100-875mg/L
Degradation Biological: sig
processes Abiotic: RxnOH*
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
?Containers may still present a chemical hazard/ danger when empty.
?Return to supplier for reuse/ recycling if possible.
Otherwise:
?If container can not be cleaned sufficiently well to ensure that residuals do not remain or if the
container cannot be used to store the same product, then puncture containers, to prevent re-use, and bury at
an authorised landfill.
?Where possible retain label warnings and MSDS and observe all notices pertaining to the product.
Legislation addressing waste disposal requirements may differ by country, state and/ or territory. Each user
must refer to laws operating in their area. In some areas, certain wastes must be tracked.
A Hierarchy of Controls seems to be common - the user should investigate:
?Reduction,
?Reuse
?Recycling
?Disposal (if all else fails)
This material may be recycled if unused, or if it has not been contaminated so as to make it unsuitable for
its intended use. If it has been contaminated, it may be possible to reclaim the product by filtration,
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distillation or some other means. Shelf life considerations should also be applied in making decisions of
this type. Note that properties of a material may change in use, and recycling or reuse may not always be
appropriate.
?DO NOT allow wash water from cleaning or process equipment to enter drains.
?It may be necessary to collect all wash water for treatment before disposal.
?In all cases disposal to sewer may be subject to local laws and regulations and these should be considered
first.
?Where in doubt contact the responsible authority.
?Recycle wherever possible.
?Consult manufacturer for recycling options or consult local or regional waste management authority for
disposal if no suitable treatment or disposal facility can be identified.
?Dispose of by: Burial in a licenced land-fill or Incineration in a licenced apparatus (after admixture with
suitable combustible material).
?Decontaminate empty containers. Observe all label safeguards until containers are cleaned and destroyed.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required: FLAMMABLE LIQUID
HAZCHEM: 3YE (ADG7)
Land Transport UNDG:
Class or division: 3 Subsidiary risk: None
UN No.: 1993 UN packing group: II
Shipping Name:FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S. (contains toluene and
n-butanol)
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 3 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None
UN/ID Number: 1993 Packing Group: II
Special provisions: A3 A148
Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S. *(CONTAINS TOLUENE
AND N-BUTANOL)
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 3 IMDG Subrisk: None
UN Number: 1993 Packing Group: II
EMS Number: F- E, S- E Special provisions: 274 330 944
Limited Quantities: 1L Marine Pollutant: Not Determined
Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S.(contains toluene
and n-butanol)
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: S6
REGULATIONS
Regulations for ingredients
Ardex SP1 (CAS: None):
No regulations applicable
toluene (CAS: 108-88-3) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Ambient environmental
standards (Domestic water supply - organic compounds)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Pollutants entering
waterways taken to cause environmental harm (Aquatic habitat)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Ecosystem maintenance -
Organic chemicals - Non-pesticide anthropogenic organics
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Pollutants entering waterways -
Domestic water quality
continued...
ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 19 of 20
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix E (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix F (Part 3)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix I
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 5
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 6
GESAMP/EHS Composite List of Hazard Profiles - Hazard evaluation of substances transported by ships
IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
IMO Provisional Categorization of Liquid Substances - List 1: Pure or technically pure products
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances - Table II
United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic
Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International Control - Table II
WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality - Guideline values for chemicals that are of health
significance in drinking-water
n-butanol (CAS: 71-36-3) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
GESAMP/EHS Composite List of Hazard Profiles - Hazard evaluation of substances transported by ships
IMO IBC Code Chapter 18: List of products to which the Code does not apply
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
IMO Provisional Categorization of Liquid Substances - List 1: Pure or technically pure products
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH GUIDELINES
Ingredient ORG UF Endpoint CR
Adeq
TLV
toluene 9.6 mg/m3 10 D NA -
?These exposure guidelines have been derived from a screening level of risk assessment and should not be
construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS represent an 8-hour time-weighted average unless specified
otherwise.
CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor:
TLV believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health:
LOD: Limit of detection
Toxic endpoints have also been identified as:
D = Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen
Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
?Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative
sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using available literature
references.
A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at:
www.chemwatch.net/references.
?The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors
determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined
by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering
controls must be considered.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written
permission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
continued...
ARDEX SP1
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009 CHEMWATCH 20-0958
NC317ECP Version No:2.0
CD 2008/4 Page 20 of 20
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
Issue Date: 25-Feb-2009
Print Date: 25-Feb-2009
This is the end of the MSDS.
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