NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 1 of 23
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
SYNONYMS
"solvent spray cleaner"
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
AEROSOLS
PRODUCT USE
The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined space may result in
increased exposure and an irritating atmosphere developing. Before starting consider
control of exposure by mechanical ventilation. Application is by spray atomisation from a
hand held aerosol pack. Carburetor and throttle body spray cleaner.
SUPPLIER
Company: Nulon Products Australia Pty Ltd
Address:
17 Yulong Close
Moorebank
NSW, 2170
AUS
Telephone: +61 2 9986 7800
Fax: +61 2 9601 4700
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of NOHSC,
and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
S6
RISK SAFETY
Extremely flammable. Keep locked up.
Toxic by inhalation in contact with skin Keep away from sources of ignition. No
and if swallowed. smoking.
Irritating to eyes and skin. Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapour/ spray.
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible In case of insufficient ventilation wear
effects through inhalation in contact with suitable respiratory equipment.
skin and if swallowed.
Risk of explosion if heated under Use only in well ventilated areas.
confinement.
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. Keep container in a well ventilated place.
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. Avoid exposure - obtain special
instructions before use.
To clean the floor and all objects
contaminated by this material use water and
detergent.
Keep container tightly closed.
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 2 of 23
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
This material and its container must be
disposed of in a safe way.
Keep away from food drink and animal
feeding stuffs.
Take off immediately all contaminated
clothing.
In case of contact with eyes rinse with
plenty of water and contact Doctor or
Poisons Information Centre.
This material and its container must be
disposed of as hazardous waste.
In case of accident by inhalation: remove
casualty to fresh air and keep at rest.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
toluene 108-88-3 30-60
acetone 67-64-1 10-30
methanol 67-56-1 10-30
propellant, as
carbon dioxide 124-38-9 <10
NOTE: Manufacturer has supplied full ingredient
information to allow CHEMWATCH assessment.
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
Avoid giving milk or oils.
Avoid giving alcohol.
Not considered a normal route of entry.
?If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs, hold patient's head down, lower
than their hips to help avoid possible aspiration of vomitus.
EYE
If aerosols come in contact with the eyes:
?Immediately hold the eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously for at least 15
minutes with fresh running water.
?Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and
moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
?Transport to hospital or doctor without delay.
?Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled
personnel.
SKIN
If solids or aerosol mists are deposited upon the skin:
?Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
?Remove any adhering solids with industrial skin cleansing cream.
?DO NOT use solvents.
?Seek medical attention in the event of irritation.
INHALED
If aerosols, fumes or combustion products are inhaled:
?Remove to fresh air.
?Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 3 of 23
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
?Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where
possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
?If breathing is shallow or has stopped, ensure clear airway and apply resuscitation,
preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as
trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
?Transport to hospital, or doctor.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Treat symptomatically.
For acute or short term repeated exposures to acetone:
?Symptoms of acetone exposure approximate ethanol intoxication.
?About 20% is expired by the lungs and the rest is metabolised. Alveolar air half-life
is about 4 hours following two hour inhalation at levels near the Exposure Standard; in
overdose, saturable metabolism and limited clearance, prolong the elimination half-life
to 25-30 hours.
?There are no known antidotes and treatment should involve the usual methods of
decontamination followed by supportive care.
[Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology]
Management:
Measurement of serum and urine acetone concentrations may be useful to monitor the
severity of ingestion or inhalation.
Inhalation Management:
?Maintain a clear airway, give humidified oxygen and ventilate if necessary.
?If respiratory irritation occurs, assess respiratory function and, if necessary,
perform chest X-rays to check for chemical pneumonitis.
?Consider the use of steroids to reduce the inflammatory response.
?Treat pulmonary oedema with PEEP or CPAP ventilation.
Dermal Management:
?Remove any remaining contaminated clothing, place in double sealed, clear bags, label
and store in secure area away from patients and staff.
?Irrigate with copious amounts of water.
?An emollient may be required.
Eye Management:
?Irrigate thoroughly with running water or saline for 15 minutes.
?Stain with fluorescein and refer to an ophthalmologist if there is any uptake of the
stain.
Oral Management:
?No GASTRIC LAVAGE OR EMETIC
?Encourage oral fluids.
Systemic Management:
?Monitor blood glucose and arterial pH.
?Ventilate if respiratory depression occurs.
?If patient unconscious, monitor renal function.
?Symptomatic and supportive care.
The Chemical Incident Management Handbook:
Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital Trust, 2000
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker
exposed at the Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Sampling Time Index Comments
Acetone in urine End of shift 50 mg/L NS
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 4 of 23
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
NS: Non-specific determinant; also observed after exposure to other material.
For acute and short term repeated exposures to methanol:
?Toxicity results from accumulation of formaldehyde/formic acid.
?Clinical signs are usually limited to CNS, eyes and GI tract Severe metabolic acidosis
may produce dyspnea and profound systemic effects which may become intractable. All
symptomatic patients should have arterial pH measured. Evaluate airway, breathing and
circulation.
?Stabilise obtunded patients by giving naloxone, glucose and thiamine.
?Decontaminate with Ipecac or lavage for patients presenting 2 hours post-ingestion.
Charcoal does not absorb well; the usefulness of cathartic is not established.
?Forced diuresis is not effective; haemodialysis is recommended where peak methanol
levels exceed 50 mg/dL (this correlates with serum bicarbonate levels below 18 mEq/L).
?Ethanol, maintained at levels between 100 and 150 mg/dL, inhibits formation of toxic
metabolites and may be indicated when peak methanol levels exceed 20 mg/dL. An
intravenous solution of ethanol in D5W is optimal.
?Folate, as leucovorin, may increase the oxidative removal of formic acid. 4-
methylpyrazole may be an effective adjunct in the treatment. 8.Phenytoin may be
preferable to diazepam for controlling seizure.
[Ellenhorn Barceloux: Medical Toxicology]
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comment
1. Methanol in urine 15 mg/l End of shift B, NS
2. Formic acid in 80 mg/gm creatinine Before the shift at B, NS
urine end of workweek
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed.
NS: Non-specific determinant - observed following exposure to other materials.
Following acute or short term repeated exposures to toluene:
?Toluene is absorbed across the alveolar barrier, the blood/air mixture being 11.2/15.6
(at 37 degrees C.) The concentration of toluene, in expired breath, is of the order of 18
ppm following sustained exposure to 100 ppm. The tissue/blood proportion is 1/3 except in
adipose where the proportion is 8/10.
?Metabolism by microsomal mono-oxygenation, results in the production of hippuric acid.
This may be detected in the urine in amounts between 0.5 and 2.5 g/24 hr which represents,
on average 0.8 gm/gm of creatinine. The biological half-life of hippuric acid is in the
order of 1-2 hours.
?Primary threat to life from ingestion and/or inhalation is respiratory failure.
?Patients should be quickly evaluated for signs of respiratory distress (eg cyanosis,
tachypnoea, intercostal retraction, obtundation) and given oxygen. Patients with
inadequate tidal volumes or poor arterial blood gases (pO2 <50 mm Hg or pCO2 > 50 mm Hg)
should be intubated.
?Arrhythmias complicate some hydrocarbon ingestion and/or inhalation and
electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial damage has been reported; intravenous lines
and cardiac monitors should be established in obviously symptomatic patients. The lungs
excrete inhaled solvents, so that hyperventilation improves clearance.
?A chest x-ray should be taken immediately after stabilisation of breathing and
circulation to document aspiration and detect the presence of pneumothorax.
?Epinephrine (adrenaline) is not recommended for treatment of bronchospasm because of
potential myocardial sensitisation to catecholamines. Inhaled cardioselective
bronchodilators (e.g. Alupent, Salbutamol) are the preferred agents, with aminophylline a
second choice.
?Lavage is indicated in patients who require decontamination; ensure use.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 5 of 23
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker
exposed at the Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comments
o- Cresol in urine 0.5 mg/L End of shift B
Hippuric acid in urine 1.6 g/g creatinine End of shift B, NS
Toluene in blood 0.05 mg/L Prior to last shift of
workweek
NS: Non-specific determinant; also observed after exposure to other material
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
?Alcohol stable foam.
?Dry chemical powder.
?BCF (where regulations permit).
?Carbon dioxide.
?Water spray or fog - Large fires only.
SMALL FIRE:
?Water spray, dry chemical or CO2
LARGE FIRE:
?Water spray or fog.
FIRE FIGHTING
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?May be violently or explosively reactive.
?Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
?If safe, switch off electrical equipment until vapour fire hazard removed.
?Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.
?DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
?Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
?If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
?Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.
When any large container (including road and rail tankers) is involved in a fire,
consider evacuation by 100 metres in all directions.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
?Liquid and vapour are highly flammable.
?Severe fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
?Vapour forms an explosive mixture with air.
?Severe explosion hazard, in the form of vapour, when exposed to flame or spark.
?Vapour may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition.
?Heating may cause expansion or decomposition with violent container rupture.
?Aerosol cans may explode on exposure to naked flames.
?Rupturing containers may rocket and scatter burning materials.
?Hazards may not be restricted to pressure effects.
?May emit acrid, poisonous or corrosive fumes.
?On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO).
Combustion products include: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde,
other pyrolysis products typical of burning organic material.
Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 6 of 23
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
buildup under fire conditions.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
?Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine
bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
HAZCHEM: 2Y
Personal Protective Equipment
Gas tight chemical resistant suit.
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
?Clean up all spills immediately.
?Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
?Wear protective clothing, impervious gloves and safety glasses.
?Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation.
?Wipe up.
?If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from all ignition
sources, until pressure has dissipated.
?Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.
MAJOR SPILLS
Chemical Class: ketones
For release onto land: recommended sorbents listed in order of priority.
SORBENT TYPE RANK APPLICATION COLLECTION LIMITATIONS
LAND SPILL - SMALL
cross- linked 1 shovel shovel R, W, SS
polymer -
particulate
cross- linked 1 throw pitchfork R, DGC, RT
polymer - pillow
sorbent clay - 2 shovel shovel R, I, P
particulate
wood fiber - 3 throw pitchfork R, P, DGC, RT
pillow
treated wood 3 throw pitchfork DGC, RT
fiber - pillow
foamed glass - 4 throw pitchfork R, P, DGC, RT
pillow
LAND SPILL - MEDIUM
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 7 of 23
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
cross- linked 1 blower skiploader R, W, SS
polymer -
particulate
cross- linked 2 throw skiploader R, DGC, RT
polymer - pillow
sorbent clay - 3 blower skiploader R, I, P
particulate
polypropylene - 3 blower skiploader R, SS, DGC
particulate
expanded mineral 4 blower skiploader R, I, W, P, DGC
- particulate
polypropylene - 4 throw skiploader DGC, RT
mat
Legend
DGC: Not effective where ground cover is dense
R; Not reusable
I: Not incinerable
P: Effectiveness reduced when rainy
RT:Not effective where terrain is rugged
SS: Not for use within environmentally sensitive sites
W: Effectiveness reduced when windy
Reference: Sorbents for Liquid Hazardous Substance Cleanup and Control;
R.W Melvold et al: Pollution Technology Review No. 150: Noyes Data Corporation 1988.
?Remove leaking cylinders to a safe place.
?Fit vent pipes. Release pressure under safe, controlled conditions
?Burn issuing gas at vent pipes.
?DO NOT exert excessive pressure on valve; DO NOT attempt to operate damaged valve.
?Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?May be violently or explosively reactive.
?Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses
?No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
?Increase ventilation.
?Stop leak if safe to do so.
?Water spray or fog may be used to disperse / absorb vapour.
?Absorb or cover spill with sand, earth, inert materials or vermiculite.
?If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from ignition
sources, until pressure has dissipated.
?Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.
?Collect residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 8 of 23
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE
half
evacuation
downwind
direction
distance
down wind distance
wind isolation
distance
direction
half
evacuation downwind
INITIAL direction distance
ISOLATION
ZONE
From IERG (Canada/Australia)
Isolation Distance -
Downwind Protection Distance 8 metres
IERG Number 49
FOOTNOTES
1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk of harmful exposure. This zone
assumes that random changes in wind direction confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on
either side of the predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance equal
to the downwind protective action distance.
2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with those closest to the spill
and working away from the site in the downwind direction. Within the protective action zone a level of
vapour concentration may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated and
unable to take protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible health effects.
3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the incident, within which a high
probability of localised wind reversal may expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to
life-threatening concentrations of the material.
4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less, such as a drum (jerrican or
box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from
a small cylinder are also considered "small spills".
LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of greater than 200 litres, such as
a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne" compressed gas cylinder.
5 Guide 126 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.
6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed
for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
toluene 1000ppm
methanol 5000ppm
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take
protective action is:
toluene 300ppm
methanol 1000ppm
other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
toluene 50ppm
methanol 200ppm
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 9 of 23
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
?Containers, even those that have been emptied, may contain explosive vapours.
?Do NOT cut, drill, grind, weld or perform similar operations on or near containers.
?DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin.
?Electrostatic discharge may be generated during pumping - this may result in fire.
?Ensure electrical continuity by bonding and grounding (earthing) all equipment.
?Restrict line velocity during pumping in order to avoid generation of electrostatic
discharge (<=1 m/sec until fill pipe submerged to twice its diameter, then <= 7 m/sec).
?Avoid splash filling.
?Do NOT use compressed air for filling discharging or handling operations.
?Atmospheres must be tested and O.K. before work resumes after leakage.
?Avoid generation of static electricity. Earth all lines and equipment.
?Obtain a work permit before attempting any repairs.
?Do not attempt repair work on lines, vessels under pressure.
?DO NOT transfer gas from one cylinder to another.
?Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
?Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
?Use in a well-ventilated area.
?Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
?DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
?Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
?Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
?When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
?DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.
?DO NOT spray directly on humans, exposed food or food utensils.
?Avoid physical damage to containers.
?Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
?Work clothes should be laundered separately.
?Use good occupational work practice.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
?Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure
safe working conditions are maintained.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
?Aerosol dispenser.
?Check that containers are clearly labelled.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Acetone reacts violently with bromoform and chloroform in the presence
of alkalies or in contact with alkaline surfaces.
?Avoid storage with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, oxidising agents.
?Avoid storage with reducing agents.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
?Keep dry to avoid corrosion of cans. Corrosion may result in container perforation and
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 10 of 23
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
internal pressure may eject contents of can.
?Store in original containers in approved flammable liquid storage area.
?DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be trapped.
?No smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.
?Keep containers securely sealed. Contents under pressure.
?Store away from incompatible materials.
?Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area.
?Avoid storage at temperatures higher than 40 deg C.
?Store in an upright position.
?Protect containers against physical damage.
?Check regularly for spills and leaks.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material TWA ppm TWA mg/m?STEL ppm STEL mg/m?br>
__________________ __________________ _______ _______ _______ _______
Australia Exposure toluene (Toluene) 50 191 150 574
Standards
Australia Exposure acetone (Acetone) 500 1185 1000 2375
Standards
Australia Exposure methanol (Methyl 200 262 250 328
Standards alcohol)
Australia Exposure carbon dioxide (Carbon 12500 22500 30000 54000
Standards dioxide in coal mines)
Australia Exposure carbon dioxide (Carbon 5000 9000 30000 54000
Standards dioxide)
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Original IDLH Value (mg/m3) Revised IDLH Value (mg/m3)
Revised IDLH Value (ppm) 2, 000
acetone 20, 000
2, 500 [LEL] methanol
25, 000 6, 000
carbon dioxide
40, 000
NOTES
Values marked LEL indicate that the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit
for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that
irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.
MATERIAL DATA
Sensory irritants are chemicals that produce temporary and undesirable side-effects on
the eyes, nose or throat. Historically occupational exposure standards for these
irritants have been based on observation of workers' responses to various airborne
concentrations. Present day expectations require that nearly every individual should be
protected against even minor sensory irritation and exposure standards are established
using uncertainty factors or safety factors of 5 to 10 or more. On occasion animal no-
observable-effect-levels (NOEL) are used to determine these limits where human results
are unavailable. An additional approach, typically used by the TLV committee (USA) in
determining respiratory standards for this group of chemicals, has been to assign ceiling
values (TLV C) to rapidly acting irritants and to assign short-term exposure limits (TLV
STELs) when the weight of evidence from irritation, bioaccumulation and other endpoints
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
combine to warrant such a limit. In contrast the MAK Commission (Germany) uses a five-
category system based on intensive odour, local irritation, and elimination half-life.
However this system is being replaced to be consistent with the European Union (EU)
Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL); this is more closely
allied to that of the USA.
OSHA (USA) concluded that exposure to sensory irritants can:
?cause inflammation
?cause increased susceptibility to other irritants and infectious agents
?lead to permanent injury or dysfunction
?permit greater absorption of hazardous substances and
?acclimate the worker to the irritant warning properties of these substances thus
increasing the risk of overexposure.
INGREDIENT DATA
METHANOL:
TOLUENE:
Exposed individuals are NOT reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the
Exposure Standard is being exceeded.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class C, D or E.
The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:
OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppm
Classification into classes follows:
Class OSF Description
A 550 Over 90% of exposed
individuals are aware by
smell that the Exposure
Standard (TLV- TWA for
example) is being reached,
even when distracted by
working activities
B 26- 550 As " A" for 50- 90% of
persons being distracted
C 1- 26 As " A" for less than 50% of
persons being distracted
D 0.18- 1 10- 50% of persons aware of
being tested perceive by
smell that the Exposure
Standard is being reached
E <0.18 As " D" for less than 10% of
persons aware of being tested
.
METHANOL:
TOLUENE:
These exposure guidelines have been derived from a screening level of risk assessment
and should not be construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS represent an 8-hour time-
weighted average unless specified otherwise.
CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor:
TLV believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health:
LOD: Limit of detection
Toxic endpoints have also been identified as:
D = Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen
Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
TOLUENE:
Exposure limits with "skin" notation indicate that vapour and liquid may be absorbed
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NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
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Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
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CD 2008/1 Page 12 of 23
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
through intact skin. Absorption by skin may readily exceed vapour inhalation exposure.
Symptoms for skin absorption are the same as for inhalation. Contact with eyes and mucous
membranes may also contribute to overall exposure and may also invalidate the exposure
standard.
Odour Threshold Value: 0.16-6.7 (detection), 1.9-69 (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 5 ppm, are available.
High concentrations of toluene in the air produce depression of the
central nervous system (CNS) in humans. Intentional toluene exposure
(glue-sniffing) at maternally-intoxicating concentration has also produced
birth defects. Foetotoxicity appears at levels associated with CNS
narcosis and probably occurs only in those with chronic toluene-induced
kidney failure. Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought
to prevent transient headache and irritation, to provide a measure of
safety for possible disturbances to human reproduction, the prevention of
reductions in cognitive responses reported amongst humans inhaling
greater than 40 ppm, and the significant risks of hepatotoxic, behavioural
and nervous system effects (including impaired reaction time and
incoordination). Although toluene/ethanol interactions are well
recognised, the degree of protection afforded by the TLV-TWA among
drinkers is not known.
ACETONE:
Exposed individuals are reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the Exposure
Standard is being exceeded.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class A or B.
The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:
OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppm
Classification into classes follows:
Class OSF Description
A 550 Over 90% of exposed
individuals are aware by
smell that the Exposure
Standard (TLV- TWA for
example) is being reached,
even when distracted by
working activities
B 26- 550 As " A" for 50- 90% of
persons being distracted
C 1- 26 As " A" for less than 50% of
persons being distracted
D 0.18- 1 10- 50% of persons aware of
being tested perceive by
smell that the Exposure
Standard is being reached
E <0.18 As " D" for less than 10% of
persons aware of being tested
.
Odour Threshold Value: 3.6 ppm (detection), 699 ppm (recognition)
Saturation vapour concentration: 237000 ppm @ 20 C
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 40 ppm, are available.
Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to protect the
worker against mild irritation associated with brief exposures and the
bioaccumulation, chronic irritation of the respiratory tract and headaches
associated with long-term acetone exposures. The NIOSH REL-TWA is
substantially lower and has taken into account slight irritation
experienced by volunteer subjects at 300 ppm. Mild irritation to
acclimatised workers begins at about 750 ppm - unacclimatised subjects
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 13 of 23
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
will experience irritation at about 350-500 ppm but acclimatisation can
occur rapidly. Disagreement between the peak bodies is based largely on
the view by ACGIH that widespread use of acetone, without evidence of
significant adverse health effects at higher concentrations, allows
acceptance of a higher limit.
Half-life of acetone in blood is 3 hours which means that no adjustment
for shift-length has to be made with reference to the standard 8 hour/day,
40 hours per week because body clearance occurs within any shift with low
potential for accumulation.
A STEL has been established to prevent excursions of acetone vapours that
could cause depression of the central nervous system.
METHANOL:
Odour Threshold Value: 4.2-5960 ppm (detection), 53.0-8940 ppm (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes for methanol, measuring in excess of 50 ppm,
are commercially available.
Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to substantially
reduce the significant risk of headache, blurred vision and other ocular
and systemic effects.
CARBON DIOXIDE:
NOTE: Detector tubes for carbon dioxide, measuring in excess of 0.01 % vol.,
are commercially available. Long-term measurements (4 hrs) may be
conducted to detect concentrations exceeding 250 ppm.
Studies using physically fit males in confined spaces indicate the TLV-TWA
and STEL provides a wide margin of safety against asphyxiation and from
undue metabolic stress, provided normal amounts of oxygen are present in
inhaled air. Lowered oxygen content, increased physical activity and
prolonged exposures each impact on systemic and respiratory effects.
Stimulation of the respiratory centre is produced at 50,000 ppm (5%). The
gas is weakly narcotic at 30,000 ppm giving rise to reduced acuity of
hearing and increasing blood pressure and pulse, Persons exposed at
20,000 ppm for several hours developed headaches and dyspnea on mild
exertion, Acidosis and adrenal cortical exhaustion occurred as a result
of prolonged continuous exposure at 10,000-20,0000 ppm.
Intoxication occurs after a 30 minute exposure at 50,000 ppm whilst
exposure at 70,000-100,000 ppm produces unconsciousness within a few
minutes.
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
?Safety glasses with side shields.
?Chemical goggles.
?Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a
review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account
of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal
and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens
should be removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be
removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Factors such as:
?frequency and duration of contact,
?chemical resistance of glove material,
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 14 of 23
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
?glove thickness and
?dexterity,
are important in the selection of gloves.
?No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
?OTHERWISE:
?For potentially moderate exposures:
?Wear general protective gloves, eg. light weight rubber gloves.
?For potentially heavy exposures:
?Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC. and safety footwear.
OTHER
?The clothing worn by process operators insulated from earth may develop static charges
far higher (up to 100 times) than the minimum ignition energies for various flammable gas-
air mixtures. This holds true for a wide range of clothing materials including cotton.
?Avoid dangerous levels of charge by ensuring a low resistivity of the surface material
worn outermost.
BRETHERICK: Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards.
No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
OTHERWISE:
?Overalls.
?Skin cleansing cream.
?Eyewash unit.
?Do not spray on hot surfaces.
RESPIRATOR
Selection of the Class and Type of respirator will depend upon the level of breathing
zone contaminant and the chemical nature of the contaminant. Protection Factors (defined
as the ratio of contaminant outside and inside the mask) may also be important.
Breathing Zone Level Maximum Protection Half- face Respirator Full- Face Respirator
ppm (volume) Factor
1000 10 AX- AUS -
1000 50 - AX- AUS
5000 50 Airline * -
5000 100 - AX- 2
10000 100 - AX- 3
100+ Airline**
* - Continuous Flow ** - Continuous-flow or positive pressure demand.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of
personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
General exhaust is adequate under normal conditions. If risk of overexposure exists, wear
SAA approved respirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate protection.
Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Supplied as an aerosol pack. Contents under PRESSURE. Contains highly flammable
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 15 of 23
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
hydrocarbon propellant.
Clear, colourless, volatile flammable liquid with solvent odour; partly
mixes with water. Supplied in aerosol pack containing carbon dioxide
propellant.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Liquid.
Gas.
Does not mix with water.
Floats on water.
Toxic or noxious vapours/gas.
Molecular Weight: Not applicable. Boiling Range (?Not a vailable.
C):
Melting Range (?Not available.
C): Specific Gravity (water =1): <1
Solubility in water (g/L): Partly miscible pH (as supplied): Not Available
pH (1% solution): Not applicable. Vapour Pressure (kPa): Not available.
Volatile Component (%vol): 100 Evaporation Rate: Fast
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): >1 Flash Point (?- 17 (a cetone)
C):
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not available Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not available
Autoignition Temp (?Not available.
C): Decomposition Temp (?Not Available
C):
State: Liquid Viscosity: Not Available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
?Elevated temperatures.
?Presence of open flame.
?Product is considered stable.
?Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
There is some evidence to suggest that this material can cause, if swallowed once, very
serious, irreversible damage of organs.
Not normally a hazard due to physical form of product.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments. The liquid
may produce gastrointestinal discomfort and may be harmful if swallowed. Ingestion may
result in nausea, pain and vomiting. Vomit entering the lungs by aspiration may cause
potentially lethal chemical pneumonitis.
Central nervous system (CNS) depression may include general discomfort, symptoms of
giddiness, headache, dizziness, nausea, anaesthetic effects, slowed reaction time,
slurred speech and may progress to unconsciousness. Serious poisonings may result in
respiratory depression and may be fatal.
EYE
Not considered to be a risk because of the extreme volatility of the gas.
The liquid produces a high level of eye discomfort and is capable of causing pain and
severe conjunctivitis. Corneal injury may develop, with possible permanent impairment of
vision, if not promptly and adequately treated.
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 16 of 23
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
There is evidence that material may produce eye irritation in some persons and produce
eye damage 24 hours or more after instillation. Severe inflammation may be expected with
pain. There may be damage to the cornea. Unless treatment is prompt and adequate there
may be permanent loss of vision. Conjunctivitis can occur following repeated exposure.
The liquid may produce eye discomfort and is capable of causing temporary impairment of
vision and/or transient eye inflammation, ulceration.
SKIN
There is strong evidence to suggest that this material, on a single contact with skin,
can cause serious, irreversible damage of organs.
The material may cause moderate inflammation of the skin either following direct contact
or after a delay of some time. Repeated exposure can cause contact dermatitis which is
characterised by redness, swelling and blistering.
Spray mist may produce discomfort.
Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may
produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the
material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.
Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects
may result following absorption.
INHALED
Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of
normal handling, may produce toxic effects; these may be fatal.
There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in
some persons. The body's response to such irritation can cause further lung damage.
Minor but regular methanol exposures may effect the central nervous system, optic nerves
and retinae. Symptoms may be delayed, with headache, fatigue, nausea, blurring of vision
and double vision. Continued or severe exposures may cause damage to optic nerves, which
may become severe with permanent visual impairment even blindness resulting.
WARNING: Methanol is only slowly eliminated from the body and should be regarded as a
cumulative poison which cannot be made non-harmful [CCINFO].
Inhalation of high concentrations of gas/vapour causes lung irritation with coughing and
nausea, central nervous depression with headache and dizziness, slowing of reflexes,
fatigue and inco-ordination.
If exposure to highly concentrated solvent atmosphere is prolonged this may lead to
narcosis, unconsciousness, even coma and possible death.
Material is highly volatile and may quickly form a concentrated atmosphere in confined or
unventilated areas. Vapour is heavier than air and may displace and replace air in
breathing zone, acting as a simple asphyxiant. This may happen with little warning of
overexposure.
WARNING:Intentional misuse by concentrating/inhaling contents may be lethal.
Ketone vapours irritate the nose, throat and mucous membrane. High concentrations depress
the central nervous system, causing headache, vertigo, poor concentration, sleep and
failure of the heart and breathing. Some ketones can cause multiple nerve disorders,
inducing "pins and needles" and weakness in the limbs.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Based on experience with animal studies, exposure to the material may result in toxic
effects to the development of the foetus, at levels which do not cause significant toxic
effects to the mother.
Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following
repeated or long-term occupational exposure.
Principal route of occupational exposure to the gas is by inhalation.
Long-term exposure to methanol vapour, at concentrations exceeding 3000 ppm, may produce
cumulative effects characterised by gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting),
headache, ringing in the ears, insomnia, trembling, unsteady gait, vertigo,
conjunctivitis and clouded or double vision. Liver and/or kidney injury may also result.
Some individuals show severe eye damage following prolonged exposure to 800 ppm of the
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 17 of 23
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
vapour.
There has been some concern that this material can cause cancer or mutations but there is
not enough data to make an assessment.
Chronic solvent inhalation exposures may result in nervous system impairment and liver
and blood changes. [PATTYS].
Intentional abuse (glue sniffing) or occupational exposure to toluene can result in
chronic habituation. Chronic abuse has caused inco-ordination, tremors of the extremeties
(due to widespread cerebrum withering), headache, abnormal speech, temporary memory loss,
convulsions, coma, drowsiness, reduced colour perception, blindness, nystagmus (rapid,
involuntary eye movements), hearing loss leading to deafness and mild dementia. Toluene
addicts often display a range of disease phenomena in their nervous systems. Toluene
abuse can cause kidney disease but occupational toluene exposures usually do not cause
it. Chronic exposure to toluene can damage the heart and the blood, especially causing
heartbeat irregularities. High concentrations of toluene can harm the unborn baby and the
developing infant.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may
produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and
thickening of the skin.
TOLUENE:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (human) LDLo: 50 mg/kg Skin (rabbit):20 mg/24h- Moderate
Oral (rat) LD50: 636 mg/kg Skin (rabbit):500 mg - Moderate
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 100 ppm Eye (rabbit):0.87 mg - Mild
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 200 ppm Eye (rabbit): 2mg/24h - SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) LC50: >26700 ppm/1h Eye (rabbit):100 mg/30sec - Mild
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 12124 mg/kg
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may
produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and
thickening of the skin.
ACETONE:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (man) TDLo: 2857 mg/kg Eye (human): 500 ppm - Irritant
Oral (rat) LD50: 5800 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 3.95 mg - SEVERE
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 500 ppm Eye (rabbit): 20mg/24hr - Moderate
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 12000 ppm/4 hr Skin (rabbit):395mg (open) - Mild
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 10 mg/m?6 hr Skin (rabbit): 500 mg/24hr - Mild
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 50100 mg/m?8 hr
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 20000 mg/kg
METHANOL:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (human) LDLo: 143 mg/kg Skin (rabbit): 20 mg/24 h- Moderate
Oral (man) LDLo: 6422 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 40 mg- Moderate
Oral (man) TDLo: 3429 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 100 mg/24h- Moderate
Oral (rat) LD50: 5628 mg/kg
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 86000 mg/m?br>
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 300 ppm
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 18 of 23
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 64000 ppm/4h
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 15800 mg/kg
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may
produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and
thickening of the skin.
CARBON DIOXIDE:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Inhalation (rat) LCLo: 657190 ppm/15 m
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 2000 ppm
Inhalation (human) LCLo: 9 pph/5 m (9%)
- pulmonary effects
IDLH: 50,000 ppm
MATERIAL CARCINOGEN REPROTOXIN SENSITISER SKIN
_______________ ____________ __________ __________ __________
toluene IARC:3 ILOEl
carbon dioxide ILOEl
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens: toluene Category:
The substance is classified by IARC as Group 3: NOT classifiable as to its
carcinogenicity to humans. Evidence of carcinogenicity may be inadequate or limited in
animal testing.
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic effects on
reproduction: toluene
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic effects on
reproduction: carbon dioxide
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Marine Pollutant:Not Determined
The lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are expected to form a "slick" on the surface of
waters after release in calm sea conditions. This is expected to evaporate and enter the
atmosphere where it will be degraded through reaction with hydroxy radicals.
Some of the material will become associated with benthic sediments, and it is likely to
be spread over a fairly wide area of sea floor. Marine sediments may be either aerobic or
anaerobic. The material, in probability, is biodegradable, under aerobic conditions
(isomerised olefins and alkenes show variable results). Evidence also suggests that the
hydrocarbons may be degradable under anaerobic conditions although such degradation in
benthic sediments may be a relatively slow process.
Under aerobic conditions the material will degrade to water and carbon dioxide, while
under anaerobic processes it will produce water, methane and carbon dioxide.
Based on test results, as well as theoretical considerations, the potential for
bioaccumulation may be high. Toxic effects are often observed in species such as blue
mussel, daphnia, freshwater green algae, marine copepods and amphipods.
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
Refer to data for ingredients, which follows:
TOLUENE:
Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 19 of 23
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 7.3- 22.8
BCF<100: 13.2 (EELS
log Kow (Sangster 1997): 2.73
log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 2.69
BOD5: 5%
COD: 21%
ThOD: 3.13
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 528
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 96
Half- life Air - High (hours): 104
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 10
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 528
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 96
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 672
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 528
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 96
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 5040
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 1344
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 75%
Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano- m): 268
Photolysis maximum light absorption - Low (nano- m): 253.5
Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 1284
Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 321
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 104
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 10
The lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are expected to form a "slick" on the surface of
waters after release in calm sea conditions. This is expected to evaporate and enter the
atmosphere where it will be degraded through reaction with hydroxy radicals.
Some of the material will become associated with benthic sediments, and it is likely to
be spread over a fairly wide area of sea floor. Marine sediments may be either aerobic or
anaerobic. The material, in probability, is biodegradable, under aerobic conditions
(isomerised olefins and alkenes show variable results). Evidence also suggests that the
hydrocarbons may be degradable under anaerobic conditions although such degradation in
benthic sediments may be a relatively slow process.
Under aerobic conditions the material will degrade to water and carbon dioxide, while
under anaerobic processes it will produce water, methane and carbon dioxide.
Based on test results, as well as theoretical considerations, the potential for
bioaccumulation may be high. Toxic effects are often observed in species such as blue
mussel, daphnia, freshwater green algae, marine copepods and amphipods.
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
log Kow: 2.1-3
log Koc: 1.12-2.85
Koc: 37-250
log Kom: 1.39-2.89
Half-life (hr) air: 2.4-104
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 5.55-528
Half-life (hr) H2O ground: 168-2628
Half-life (hr) soil: <48-240
Henry's Pa m?/mol: 518-694
Henry's atm m?/mol: 5.94E-03
BOD 5 if unstated: 0.86-2.12,5%
COD: 0.7-2.52,21-27%
ThOD: 3.13
BCF: 1.67-380
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 20 of 23
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Log BCF: 0.22-3.28
ACETONE:
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 8300- 40000
Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l): 10
log Kow (Prager 1995): - 0.24
log Kow (Sangster 1997): - 0.24
log Pow (Verschueren 1983): - 0.24
BOD5: 122%
ThOD: 72
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 168
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 24
Half- life Air - High (hours): 2790
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 279
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 168
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 24
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 336
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 48
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 24
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 672
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 96
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 75%
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - Low (hours): 54%
Aqueous photolysis half- life - High (hours): 270
Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 3.97E+06
Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 9.92E+04
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 2790
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 279
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
log Kow: -0.24
Half-life (hr) air: 312-1896
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 20
Henry's atm m?/mol: 3.67E-05
BOD 5 if unstated: 0.31-1.76,46-55%
COD: 1.12-2.07
ThOD: 2.2
BCF: 0.69
Toxicity Fish: LC50(96) 5540-13000mg/L
Toxicity invertebrate: cell mult. inhib. 28-7500mg/L
Bioaccumulation: not sig
Nitrif. inhib.: 75% decr. at 840mg/L
Anaerobic effects: sig degrad
Degradation Biological: sig
processes Abiotic: Rxn OH*,photodissoc
In air, acetone is lost by photolysis and reaction with photochemically
produced hydroxyl radicals; the estimated half-life of these combined
processes is about 22 days. The relatively long half-life allows acetone
to be transported long distances from its emission source.
Acetone is highly soluble and slightly persistent in water, with a
half-life of about 20 hours; it is minimally toxic to aquatic life.
Acetone released to soil volatilises although some may leach into the
ground where it rapidly biodegrades.
Acetone does not concentrate in the food chain.
Drinking Water Standard: none available.
Soil Guidelines: none available.
Air Quality Standards: none available.
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 21 of 23
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
METHANOL:
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
log Kow: -0.82- -0.66
Half-life (hr) air: 427
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 5.3-64
Henry's atm m?/mol: 1.35E-04
BOD 5 if unstated: 0.76-1.12
COD: 1.05-1.50,99%
ThOD: 1.5
BCF: 0.2-10
Toxicity Fish: LC50(96): 11-15mg/L
TLm(48Hr): 8000mg/L (trout) )
Toxicity Arthropoda: NOEL 10 g/L/48Hr (Daphnia) ) [ICI]
CARBON DIOXIDE:
log Kow (Sangster 1997): 0.83
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
?Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
?Discharge contents of damaged aerosol cans at an approved site.
?Allow small quantities to evaporate.
?DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.
?Bury residues and emptied aerosol cans at an approved site.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required: FLAMMABLE GAS
HAZCHEM: 2Y
UNDG:
Dangerous Goods 2.1 Subrisk: None
Class:
UN Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
Shipping Name:AEROSOLS
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 2.1 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None
UN/ID Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
Special provisions: A145 A153
Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, FLAMMABLE
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 2.1 IMDG Subrisk: SP63
UN Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
EMS Number: F- D, S- U Special provisions: 63 190 277 327 959
Limited Quantities: See SP277 Marine Pollutant: Not Determined
Shipping Name: AEROSOLS
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 22 of 23
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: S6
REGULATIONS
Nulon Throttle Body And Carburettor Cleaner (CAS: None):
No regulations applicable
toluene (CAS: 108-88-3) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Ambient environmental standards (Domestic water supply - organic compounds)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Pollutants entering waterways taken to cause environmental harm (Aquatic
habitat)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Ecosystem maintenance - Organic chemicals - Non-pesticide anthropogenic organics
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Pollutants entering waterways - Domestic water quality
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix E (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix F (Part 3)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix I
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 5
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 6
IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances - Table II
United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International
Control - Table II
WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality - Guideline values for chemicals that are of health significance in drinking-water
acetone (CAS: 67-64-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix E (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix F (Part 3)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 5
IMO IBC Code Chapter 18: List of products to which the Code does not apply
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances - Table II
United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International
Control - Table II
methanol (CAS: 67-56-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - New South Wales Hazardous Substances Prohibited for Specific Uses
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix E (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix F (Part 3)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 5
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 6
IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
carbon dioxide (CAS: 124-38-9) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Hazardous Substances
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
CODEX General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA) - Additives Permitted for Use in Food in General, Unless Otherwise Specified, in Accordance with GMP
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
continued...
NULON THROTTLE BODY AND CARBURETTOR CLEANER
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008 CHEMWATCH 51693
NC317ECP Version No:4
CD 2008/1 Page 23 of 23
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH GUIDELINES
Established occupational exposure limits frequently do not take into consideration
reproductive end points that are clearly below the thresholds for other toxic effects.
Occupational reproductive guidelines (ORGs) have been suggested as an additional
standard. These have been established after a literature search for reproductive no-
observed-adverse effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level
(LOAEL). In addition the US EPA's procedures for risk assessment for hazard
identification and dose-response assessment as applied by NIOSH were used in the creation
of such limits. Uncertainty factors (UFs) have also been incorporated.
Ingredient ORG UF Endpoi CR Adeq
nt TLV
toluene 9.6 mg/m3 10 D NA -
methanol 262 mg/m3 NA NA NA Yes
carbon dioxide 1800 mg/m3 10 D/R NA -
These exposure guidelines have been derived from a screening level of risk assessment and
should not be construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS represent an 8-hour time-
weighted average unless specified otherwise.
CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor:
TLV believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health:
LOD: Limit of detection
Toxic endpoints have also been identified as:
D = Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen
Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and
authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification
committee using available literature references.
A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at:
www.chemwatch.net/references.
The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk
Assessment. Many factors determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the
workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios.
Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be
considered.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission
from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 16-Mar-2008
Print Date: 10-Apr-2008
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