NFPA RATING
FLAMMABILITY
0
0
3
HEALTH REACTIVITY
OX
MATERIAL SAFETY OTHER
DATA SHEET
to U.S. OSHA, CMA, ANSI and Canadian WHMIS Standards
Prepared
PART I What is the material and what do I need to know in an emergency?
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2
CHEMICAL NAME; CLASS:
Document Number: NO2
PRODUCT USE: For general analytical/synthetic chemical uses.
MESA Specialty Gases & Equipment
SUPPLIER/MANUFACTURER'S NAME:
ADDRESS: 3619 Pendleton Avenue, Suite C
Santa Ana, CA 92704
BUSINESS PHONE: 1-714-434-7102
EMERGENCY PHONE: INFOTRAC: 1-800-535-5053
DATE OF PREPARATION: May 10, 1999
2. COMPOSITION and INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
CHEMICAL NAME CAS # mole % EXPOSURE LIMITS IN AIR
ACGIH OSHA
TLV STEL PEL STEL IDLH OTHER
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm
Nitrogen Dioxide 10102-44-0 > 99.5% 3, A4 5 NE 5C 20
NIOSH REL:
1 ppm ST
(Not 1 ST
Classifiable (Vacated
DFG MAK
as a Human 1989 PEL)
5 ppm
Carcinogen)
< 0.5% None of the trace impurities in this mixture contribute significantly to the hazards associated
Maximum Impurities
with the product. All hazard information pertinent to this product has been provided in this
Material Safety Data Sheet, per the requirements of the OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) and State equivalent standards.
NE = Not Established C = Ceiling Limit See Section 16 for Definitions of Terms Used
NOTE: All WHMIS required information is included. It is located in appropriate sections based on the ANSI Z400.1-1993 format.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 1 OF 10
3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Nitrogen Dioxide is a non-flammable, toxic, yellow-brown liquid to red-brown gas
with an acid, suffocating odor. Nitrogen Dioxide is extremely toxic by inhalation, and symptoms of overexposure may not
become apparent for up to 72 hours. The gas is an oxidizer and will support and enhance combustion. Exposure to the
rapidly expanding gas can cause frostbite. Nitric oxide can react with oxygen (in air) to generate nitrogen dioxide.
Emergency Responders must protect themselves from inhalation. A water spray can be used to control and direct a
release.
SYMPTOMS OF OVEREXPOSURE BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE: The
most significant route of overexposure for Nitrogen Dioxide is by HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INFORMATION
inhalation. The following paragraphs describe symptoms of exposure SYSTEM
by route of exposure.
HEALTH
INHALATION: Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide gas in low concentrations 3
(BLUE)
produces an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes,
nose, throat, and lungs. Acute exposure through inhalation may result
in dryness and irritation of the nose and throat, choking, coughing, and
bronchospasm. Severe overexposure may cause death through
FLAMMABILITY 0
(RED)
systemic, delayed pulmonary edema. High concentrations of
Nitrogen Dioxide gas may cause an oxygen deficient atmosphere.
Exposure to high concentrations may cause unconsciousness, and
under some circumstances, death. Typical symptoms of
REACTIVITY
overexposure are: (YELLOW) 0
CONCENTRATION SYMPTOMS of OVEREXPOSURE
25 ppm: Delayed (5-72 hours) pulmonary irritation
after 8 hour exposure.
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT D
100 - 150 ppm: Delayed (5-48 hours) pulmonary edema
after exposure for 30 - 60 minutes. EYES HANDS BODY
RESPIRATORY
200 - 700 ppm: Delayed (5-8 hours) severe pulmonary
damage after only a few breaths.
See See
After inhalation of a few breaths of Nitrogen Dioxide, there is no
Section 8 Section 8
immediate reaction, or only a very slight respiratory discomfort,
headache, dizziness, or lassitude. After 5-8 hours (frequently after For routine industrial applications
the employee has left the workplace and returned home), it is noticed
See Section 16 for Definition of Ratings
that the victim's lips and ears have a blue (cyanotic) color. There then
follows rapidly increasing symptoms of breathing difficulty, irregular
respiration, choking, dizziness, headache, increasing cyanosis,
tightness in the chest, nausea, vomiting, lassitude, and palpitations. Left untreated, death frequently occurs. Physical
examination immediately following overexposure reveals an accelerated respiratory rate, decreased vital capacity,
generally suppressed breathing sounds, low blood pressure, and a platelet count elevated by 10-100%.
SKIN and EYE CONTACT: Prolonged exposure may cause potentially harmful amounts of Nitrogen Dioxide to enter the
body via absorption through the skin. The gas may be irritating to the skin, especially in a moist environment, for prolonged
periods. Symptoms of skin overexposure may include scratchiness, pain, and redness. If Nitrogen Dioxide contaminates
the eyes, severe injury and swelling of the eye tissue may occur. Contact with rapidly expanding gases (which are released
under high pressure) may cause frostbite. Symptoms of frostbite include change in skin color to white or grayish-yellow.
The pain after such contact can quickly subside.
OTHER POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS: While ingestion is highly unlikely, ingestion of Nitrogen Dioxide can damage
the tissues of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and other tissues of the digestive system. Ingestion of Nitrogen Dioxide
can be fatal. Additionally, aspiration by inhalation is possible, causing pulmonary edema or death.
HEALTH EFFECTS OR RISKS FROM EXPOSURE: An Explanation in Lay Terms. Overexposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
may cause the following health effects:
ACUTE: This gas is toxic and damaging to the respiratory system, as well as contaminated skin and eyes. Overexposures
can result in severe irritation and burns of eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and any other exposed tissue. If inhaled,
delayed pulmonary damage and breathing difficulty may occur. Overexposure to this gas may be fatal. Contact with
rapidly expanding gases may cause frostbite.
CHRONIC: Prolonged or repeated overexposures may cause respiratory problems, bronchitis, hacking cough, nasal
irritation and discharge, increased fatigue, and alteration in the senses of taste and smell. Repeated overexposures to
Nitrogen Dioxide can also result in dental erosion and gum disorders.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 2 OF 10
3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION (Continued)
CHRONIC (continued): Nitrogen Dioxide has been shown to cause genetic damage and fetal toxicity in animal or bacterial
studies. See Section 11 (Toxicological Information) for additional information.
TARGET ORGANS: Respiratory system, skin, eyes.
PART II What should I do if a hazardous situation occurs?
4. FIRST-AID MEASURES
RESCUERS SHOULD NOT ATTEMPT TO RETRIEVE VICTIMS OF EXPOSURE TO NITROGEN DIOXIDE
WITHOUT ADEQUATE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. At a minimum, Self-Contained
Breathing Apparatus and Personal Protective Equipment should be worn
Remove victim(s) to fresh air, as quickly as possible. Trained personnel should administer supplemental oxygen and/or
cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. Only trained personnel should administer supplemental oxygen.
SKIN EXPOSURE: If Nitrogen Dioxide contaminates the skin, immediately begin decontamination with running water.
Minimum flushing is for 15 minutes. Remove exposed or contaminated clothing, taking care not to contaminate eyes.
Victim must seek immediate medical attention.
Note: if frostbite has occurred after exposure to rapidly expanding gases, treatment for frostbite should be initiated after the
contaminated areas has been flushed (per the instructions in the previous paragraph). In case of frostbite, place the
frostbitten part in warm water. DO NOT USE HOT WATER. If warm water is not available, or is impractical to use, wrap
the affected parts gently in blankets. Alternatively, if the fingers or hands are frostbitten, place the affected area in the
armpit. Encourage victim to gently exercise the affected part while being warmed. Seek immediate medical attention.
EYE EXPOSURE: If liquid is splashed into eyes, or if irritation of the eye develops after exposure to liquid or gas, open
victim's eyes while under gentle running water. Use sufficient force to open eyelids. Have victim "roll" eyes. Minimum
flushing is for 15 minutes.
NOTICE! Delayed onset of life-threatening symptoms is very likely to occur. Victim(s) must be taken for medical
attention. Rescuers should be taken for medical attention, if necessary. Take copy of label and MSDS to physician or
other health professional with victim(s). Medical care providers should refer to Section 11 (Toxicology Information) of this
MSDS for additional information.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
FLASH POINT: Not applicable.
NFPA RATING
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: Not applicable.
FLAMMABILITY
FLAMMABLE LIMITS (in air by volume, %):
Lower (LEL): Not applicable. 0
Upper (UEL): Not applicable.
0
3
HEALTH REACTIVITY
FIRE EXTINGUISHING MATERIALS: Use extinguishing media appropriate for the
surrounding fire.
OX
Water Spray: YES Carbon Dioxide: YES
Dry Chemical: YES Halon: YES OTHER
Foam: YES Other: Any "ABC" Class.
See Section 16 for Definition
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Nitrogen Dioxide is toxic and of Ratings
presents an extreme health hazard to firefighters. In the event of fire, cool containers
of Nitrogen Dioxide with water to prevent failure. Nitrogen Dioxide can slowly react with water to from a corrosive solution
of nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide is corrosive to skin and metal. Corrosive and toxic gases, vapors, and mists may
spread from the point of release. Nitrogen Dioxide is a strong oxidizer and can support or enhance combustion.
Explosion Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: Not sensitive.
Explosion Sensitivity to Static Discharge: Not sensitive.
SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Incipient fire responders should wear eye protection. Structural fire must
wear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus and full protective equipment. Fight fires in a protected location. Approach fire
from an upwind direction, to prevent overexposure to Nitrogen Dioxide. If Nitrogen Dioxide is involved in a fire, fire runoff
water should be contained to prevent possible environmental damage. Use a water spray or fog to reduce or direct vapors.
Do not direct a water spray at the source of a release. Water spray should be used with care. If cylinders are exposed to
heat, the cylinder may rupture or burst and release the contents. It may be prudent to remove potentially heat-exposed
cylinders from the area surrounding a fire, if it is safe for fire-fighters to do so.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 3 OF 10
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
SPILL AND LEAK RESPONSE: Uncontrolled releases should be responded to by trained personnel using pre-planned
procedures. Proper protective equipment should be used. In case of a release, clear the affected area, protect people, and
respond with trained personnel. Adequate fire protection must be provided. Call CHEMTREC (1-800-424-9300) for
emergency assistance.
Minimum Personal Protective Equipment should be Level B: triple-gloves (Neoprene rubber gloves and nitrile
gloves, over latex or N-DexTM gloves), chemical resistant suit and boots, hard-hat, and Self-Contained
Breathing Apparatus. Monitor the surrounding area for Nitrogen Dioxide and oxygen levels. A colorimetric tube is
available for Nitrogen Dioxide. If a colorimetric tube is used to indicate the concentration of Nitrogen Dioxide, the reading
obtained should be lower than the limits indicated in Section 2 (Composition and Information on Ingredients) before non-
emergency personnel are allowed to enter area. While starch-iodide paper will respond to the presence of Nitrogen
Dioxide, the limit of detection is too high to be of appreciable value, and its use is not recommended. The atmosphere must
have at least 19.5 percent oxygen before personnel can be allowed in the area without Self-Contained Breathing
Apparatus.
Attempt to close the main source valve prior to entering the area. If this does not stop the release (or if it is not possible to
reach the valve), allow the gas to release in-place or remove it to a safe area and allow the gas to be released there.
THIS IS AN EXTREMELY TOXIC GAS. Protection of all personnel and the area must be maintained.
PART III How can I prevent hazardous situations from occurring?
7. HANDLING and STORAGE
WORK PRACTICES AND HYGIENE PRACTICES: As with all chemicals, avoid getting Nitrogen Dioxide ON YOU. Wash
hands after handling chemicals. Do not eat or drink while handling chemicals. All work practices should minimize the
release of Nitrogen Dioxide. Be aware of any signs of exposure as indicated in Section 3 (Hazard Identification); exposures
to fatal concentrations of Nitrogen Dioxide could occur rapidly.
STORAGE AND HANDLING PRACTICES: All employees who handle this material should be trained to handle it safely.
Avoid breathing the gas or sprays or mists generated by Nitrogen Dioxide. Store cylinders in a cool, dry location, away
from direct sunlight, sources of intense heat, or where freezing is possible. Use only compatible materials for cylinders,
process lines, and other Nitrogen Dioxide-handling equipment. Anhydrous Nitrogen Dioxide is not corrosive to steel and
other common structural materials. In the presence of air or moisture, however, corrosive conditions will develop. If piping
and accessories cannot be maintained free of air or moisture, stainless steel is recommended. Lines should be purged
with dry nitrogen both before and after maintenance activity. Keep cylinder tightly-closed when not in use. Keep cylinders
away from incompatible material. Wash thoroughly after using this material. Workers must be thoroughly trained to handle
Nitrogen Dioxide without causing overexposure. Periodic inspections of process equipment by knowledgeable persons
should be made to ensure that the equipment is used appropriately and the system is kept in suitable operating condition.
Nitrogen Dioxide emergency equipment should be available near the point of use.
? Workers who handle Nitrogen Dioxide should wear protective clothing, as listed in Section 8 (Exposure Controls and
Personal Protection).
? Instant-acting showers should be available in the event of an emergency.
? Special eye-wash fountains or similar equipment should be available for eye irrigation.
? Proper respiratory protection equipment must be provided and workers using such equipment must be carefully trained
in its operation and limitations.
? Precautions must always be taken to prevent suck-back of foreign materials into the cylinder by using a check-valve,
vacuum break, or trap, since suck-back may cause dangerous pressure changes within the cylinder.
? The cylinder valve should be closed after each use.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING GAS CYLINDERS: Protect cylinders against physical damage. Store in cool,
dry, well-ventilated area, away from sources of heat, ignition and direct sunlight. Do not allow area where cylinders are
stored to exceed 52癈 (125癋). Use a check valve or trap in the discharge line to prevent hazardous backflow. Post "No
Smoking or Open Flame" signs in storage and use areas. Cylinders should be stored upright and be firmly secured to
prevent falling or being knocked over. Cylinders can be stored in the open, but in such cases, should be protected against
extremes of weather and from the dampness of the ground to prevent rusting. Never tamper with pressure relief devices.
The following rules are applicable to situations in which cylinders are being used:
Before Use: Move cylinders with a suitable hand-truck. Do not drag, slide or roll cylinders. Do not drop cylinders or permit
them to strike each other. Secure cylinders firmly. Leave the valve protection cap in-place (where provided) until cylinder is
ready for use.
During Use: Use designated CGA fittings and other support equipment. Do not use adapters. Do not heat cylinder by
any means to increase the discharge rate of the product from the cylinder. Use check valve or trap in discharge line to
prevent hazardous backflow into the cylinder. Do not use oils or grease on gas-handling fittings or equipment.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 4 OF 10
7. HANDLING and STORAGE (Continued)
After Use: Close main cylinder valve. Replace valve protection cap (where provided). Mark empty cylinders "EMPTY".
NOTE: Use only DOT or ASME code containers. Earth-ground and bond all lines and equipment associated with Nitrogen
Dioxide. Close valve after each use and when empty. Cylinders must not be recharged except by or with the consent of
owner. For additional information refer to the Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet P-1, Safe Handling of Compressed
Gases in Containers. Additionally, refer to CGA Bulletin SB-2 "Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres".
TANK CAR SHIPMENTS: Tank cars carrying Nitrogen Dioxide should be loaded and unloaded in strict accordance with
tank-car owner's recommendations and all established on-site safety procedures. Appropriate personal protective equipment
must be used during tank car operations (see Section 8 Exposure Controls -Personal Protection)). All loading and unloading
equipment must be inspected, prior to each use. Loading and unloading operations must be attended, at all times. Tank
cars must be level and wheels must be locked or blocked prior to loading or unloading. Tank car (for loading) or storage tank
(for unloading) must be verified to be correct for receiving Nitrogen Dioxide and be properly prepared, prior to starting the
transfer operations. Hoses must be verified to be clean and free of incompatible chemicals, prior to connection to the tank
car or vessel. Valves and hoses must be verified to be in the correct positions, before starting transfer operations. A sample
(if required) must be taken and verified (if required) prior to starting transfer operations. All lines must be blown-down and
purged before disconnecting them from the tank car or vessel.
PROTECTIVE PRACTICES DURING MAINTENANCE OF CONTAMINATED EQUIPMENT: Follow practices indicated in
Section 6 (Accidental Release Measures). Make certain application equipment is locked and tagged-out safely. Purge gas
handling equipment with inert gas (e.g. nitrogen) before attempting repairs. Always use product in areas where adequate
ventilation is provided.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS - PERSONAL PROTECTION
VENTILATION AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Use with adequate ventilation. Local exhaust ventilation is preferred,
because it prevents Nitrogen Dioxide dispersion into the work place by eliminating it at its source. If appropriate, install
automatic monitoring equipment to detect the level of Nitrogen Dioxide. Eye wash stations/safety showers should be near
areas where Nitrogen Dioxide is used or stored. Employee exposure should be monitored and reduced to the lowest
practical levels using ventilation or other, appropriate, engineering controls. If necessary, Nitrogen Dioxide cylinders should
be placed in a ventilated gas cabinet.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Maintain Nitrogen Dioxide levels and below the exposure limits provided in Section 2
(Composition and Information on Ingredients) and oxygen levels above 19.5% in the workplace. Use supplied air
respiratory protection during emergency response to a release of Nitrogen Dioxide. If respiratory protection is required,
follow the requirements of the Federal OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134), or equivalent State
standards. Employee exposure should be monitored and reduced to the lowest practical levels using ventilation or other,
appropriate, engineering controls. If exposures in excess of 3 ppm cannot be avoided, employees should be provided with
supplied air or powered air purifying respirators. If the concentration is above 50 ppm (IDLH) or unknown, Self Contained
Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) or other supplied air respiratory protection must be used. The following NIOSH
recommendations for Nitrogen Dioxide concentrations in air are in place.
CONCENTRATION RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT
Up to 20 ppm: Supplied Air Respirator (SAR) operated in a continuous-flow mode; or full facepiece
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA); or full facepiece SAR.
Emergency or Planned Entry into Unknown Concentration or IDLH Conditions: Positive pressure, full facepiece SCBA or
positive pressure, full facepiece SAR with an auxiliary positive pressure SCBA.
The IDLH concentration for Nitrogen Dioxide is 20 ppm.
EYE PROTECTION: Splash goggles or safety glasses, and face-shields should be used.
HAND PROTECTION: Wear mechanical resistant gloves when handling cylinders of Nitrogen Dioxide. Wear chemical
resistant gloves when using this gas. Neoprene gloves are recommended.
BODY PROTECTION: Use body protection appropriate for task. Transfer of large quantities under pressure may require
protective equipment appropriate to the task.
9. PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
VAPOR DENSITY: 3.39 kg/m (0.2116 lb/ft3)
3
EVAPORATION RATE (nBuAc = 1): Not applicable.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (air = 1): 2.62 FREEZING POINT: -11.2癈 (11.8癋)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: 7.4%. BOILING POINT @ 1 atm: 21.2癈 (70.1癋)
VAPOR PRESSURE(psia): 14.7 pH: Not applicable.
ODOR THRESHOLD: 2 mg/m3
EXPANSION RATIO: Not available.
COEFFICIENT WATER/OIL DISTRIBUTION: Not applicable. SPECIFIC VOLUME (ft3/lb): 4.7
APPEARANCE AND COLOR: Red-brown gas with an irritating odor.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 5 OF 10
9. PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
HOW TO DETECT THIS SUBSTANCE (warning properties): Though the odor is strong and irritating, it does not serve as a
reliable warning property for Nitrogen Dioxide. In terms of leak detection, fittings and joints can be painted with a soap
solution to detect leaks, which will be indicated by a bubble formation. The dense, red to brown color of the gas is
characteristic. Area monitoring should be performed using appropriate equipment.
10. STABILITY and REACTIVITY
STABILITY: Stable.
DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Will react with water or moist air to form nitric and nitrous acids. Above 160癈 (320癋),
the gas decomposes to nitric oxide and oxygen.
MATERIALS WITH WHICH SUBSTANCE IS INCOMPATIBLE: Nitrogen Dioxide is not compatible with the following
materials: air, oxygen, flammable or combustible materials, powdered aluminum, boron, chlorine monoxide, chromium,
fluorine, nitrogen trichloride, ozone, phosphorous, oxidizing agents, halogens, powdered iron, sodium monoxide,
magnesium, manganese, uranium, and tungsten carbide.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur.
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Contact with air, moisture and incompatible materials. Cylinders exposed to high temperatures
or direct flame can rupture or burst.
PART IV Is there any other useful information about this material?
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
TOXICITY DATA: The following information is for Nitrogen Dioxide.
Mutation in Microorganism System (Salmonella typhimurium) 6 ppm LC50 (inhalation, rat) 174 ppm for 30 minutes
Sister Chromatid Exchange (hamster lung) 5 ppm for 10 months LC50 (inhalation, rat) 201-420 ppm for 15 minutes
TDLo (inhalation, mouse) 22 ppm, Reproductive effects LC50 (inhalation, rat) 416-833 ppm for 5 minutes
3
TCLo (inhalation, rat) 0.85 mg/m , Teratogenic effects LC50 (inhalation, mouse) 1000 ppm for 10 minutes
3
LCLo (inhalation, human) 200 ppm for 1 month LCLo (inhalation, dog) 123 mg/m
3
TCLo (inhalation, man) 6.2 ppm for 10 months, pulmonary effects LCLo (inhalation, monkey) 123 mg/m for 8 hours
TCLo (inhalation, 90 ppm for 40 minutes, pulmonary effects LC50 (inhalation, rabbit) 315 ppm for 15 minutes
LC50 (inhalation, rat) 88 ppm for 4 hours LC50 (inhalation, guinea pig) 30 ppm for 1 hour
LC50 (inhalation, rat) 115-168 ppm for 1 hour
EYE IRRITATION: At 70 ppm, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas caused irritation in animals. Cloudiness of the cornea (opacity) was not observed in
rabbits exposed to 20 ppm for 4 hours, but was observed following exposure to 70 ppm for 8 hours.
EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM (ACUTE) INHALATION: Short-term exposure of animals to 40 ppm or higher at first produces symptoms such as
nose irritation and severe respiratory distress. Higher concentrations have resulted in death, usually from pulmonary edema (accumulation of
fluid in the lungs). Although, a small number of deaths have been caused by asphyxiation (lack of oxygen), due to spasm of the larynx.
Structural changes in the respiratory tissue, including increased growth (hyperplasia) of some cell types and loss of cilia in the small airways,
have been observed in rats exposed to 10-20 ppm for 24-36 hours. Increased sensitivity to allergens was observed in guinea pigs exposed to
40- 70 ppm. More deaths from bacterial infections resulted after mice were exposed to 5 ppm NO2 for 3 days. After a 7-day exposure to 4
ppm, guinea pigs had increased reactivity of the respiratory tract (bronchial hyper-reactivity) to inhaled substances.
EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM (CHRONIC) INHALATION: Long-term exposure to NO2 has affected the function and structure of the respiratory
system, as well as natural mechanisms of defense against foreign bodies (physical and immune system responses). Rats continuously
exposed to NO2 over several months showed loss of cilia in the small airways (at 0.5 ppm) and elevated respiratory rates (at 0.8 ppm). Mice
exposed to 0.5 ppm for 6, 18, or 24 hours/day for 3-12 months showed early signs of emphysema (a lung disease). Long-term exposure to
greater than 10 ppm has produced emphysema. Several studies have shown that mice exposed to 0.25-5 ppm have developed harmful
changes in their immune systems. Monkeys exposed to 1 ppm for 1 year show a slightly decreased immune response. Monkeys exposed to 5
ppm for 2 months, or 10 ppm for 1 month, showed a marked decrease in resistance to infections. A small number of studies using rodents
indicate that repeated exposure to NO2 may cause effects on the nervous system, for example, delayed response to stimuli (0.32 ppm) and
subtle behavioral effects (5.0-7.5 ppm).
SUSPECTED CANCER AGENT: Nitrogen Dioxide is not found on the following lists: FEDERAL OSHA Z LIST, NTP,
IARC, CAL/OSHA; therefore it is not considered to be, nor suspected to be a cancer-causing agent by these agencies.
Additional information on carcinogenicity is available as follows:
Conflicting results have been obtained in the available studies. An increase in lung tumors was reported in mice exposed to 10 ppm NO2 for 6
months (a relatively short exposure duration). No increase in lung tumors was observed in rats exposed to 0.04, 0.4 or 4 ppm NO2 for 17
months.
IRRITANCY OF PRODUCT: Nitrogen Dioxide is irritating to the eyes, and may be irritating to the skin.
SENSITIZATION TO THE PRODUCT: Nitrogen Dioxide is not known to cause sensitization in humans upon repeated or
prolonged exposure.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
PAGE 6 OF 10
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION (Continued)
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY INFORMATION: Listed below is information concerning the effects of Nitrogen Dioxide on
the human reproductive system.
Mutagenicity: No mutagenicity effects on humans have been described for Nitrogen Dioxide. Nitrogen Dioxide has been
shown to cause genetic damage in bacterial studies. Additional information is available on mutagenicity as follows:
Positive results (gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations) were observed in lung cells of rats exposed to 8-27 ppm NO2 for 3 hours. In
another study, negative results (in chromosomal abnormalities in sperm) were obtained in mice exposed to 10 ppm NO2. Positive results have
been obtained in bacteria and cultured hamster cells (chromosomal aberrations).
Embryotoxicity: Nitrogen Dioxide is not expected to cause embryotoxic effects in humans.
Teratogenicity: No teratogenicity effects on humans have been described for Nitrogen Dioxide. Additional information is
available for teratogenicity, embryotoxicity, and fetotoxicity as follows:
No conclusions can be drawn from the available studies, due to inadequate evaluation of maternal toxicity or insufficient details for evaluation.
Mice continuously exposed to 22 or 45 ppm NO2 on days 7-18 of pregnancy had offspring with significantly reduced birth weight and reduced
neuromuscular coordination (e.g. righting reflexes). No visible signs of maternal toxicity were apparent, although it was not clear that a
complete evaluation of maternal toxicity was conducted. In another study, offspring were monitored for 2 months following exposure to 0.03,
0.05, 0.5 or 5 ppm, 6 hours/day throughout pregnancy. Postnatal biochemical changes in the liver and subtle effects on neuromotor and
physical development were marginally apparent at 0.5 ppm and clearly apparent at 5 ppm. Maternal toxicity was not discussed. Another study
which reports embryotoxic and fetotoxic effects in the offspring of rats continuously exposed to 0.045 or 0.43 ppm NO2 throughout pregnancy
cannot be evaluated. The study is not available in English, and therefore the results cannot be confirmed. Maternal toxicity was not discussed
in the review.
Reproductive Toxicity: No reproductive toxicity effects on humans have been described for Nitrogen Dioxide. Nitrogen
Dioxide has been shown to cause and fetal toxicity in animal studies. Additional information is available for reproductive
toxicity as follows:
Female rats exposed 12 hours/day to 1.25 ppm, but not animals exposed to 0.07 ppm, for 3 months had longer estrus (fertility) cycles. This
effect was reversible when exposure ended. Fertility was not affected. Effects on the testes were not observed in male rats exposed to 1 ppm
NO2 for 21 days.
A mutagen is a chemical which causes permanent changes to genetic material (DNA) such that the changes will propagate
through generation lines. An embryotoxin is a chemical which causes damage to a developing embryo (i.e. within the first
eight weeks of pregnancy in humans), but the damage does not propagate across generational lines. A teratogen is a
chemical which causes damage to a developing fetus, but the damage does not propagate across generational lines. A
reproductive toxin is any substance which interferes in any way with the reproductive process.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE: Conditions relating to the target organs may be aggravated by
overexposures to Nitrogen Dioxide. See Section 3 (Hazard Identification) for information on these conditions.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO PHYSICIANS: Administer oxygen as soon as possible following exposure. If possible, have
victim breathe as deeply and rapidly as possible to help flush gas from the lungs. Enforce bed rest for 24 - 48 hours,
whether or not symptoms have appeared. Start oxygen therapy at the first sign of symptoms. Provide medication to
reduce anxiety and dyspnea, as needed. Keep respiratory tract clear of mucous and exudate. Atropine, epinephrine,
expectorants, emetics, most sedatives and most cardiac glycosides are usually ineffective and possibly harmful. Surgical
intervention to assist breathing may be necessary. Respiratory infection should be controlled as soon as it is detected.
Prednisone has been reported to be effective during recovery, in amounts of 3-8 x 10-6 kg daily, in divided doses. If
Nitrogen Dioxide contaminates the eye, use an optic anesthetic to reduce pain. The victim should be promptly examined
by an ophthalmologist. If necessary, administer lung function tests, chest x-ray, blood methemoglobin level.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDICES (BEIs): Currently, Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) are not applicable for Nitrogen
Dioxide.
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY: This gas will be dissipated rapidly in well-ventilated areas. Complex reactions of Nitrogen
Dioxide occur in the atmosphere which contribute to air pollution.
EFFECT OF MATERIAL ON PLANTS or ANIMALS: Any adverse effect on animals would be related to oxygen deficient
environments, respiratory system damage, and damage to the skin and eyes. Because Nitrogen Dioxide produces
corrosive nitric acid upon contact with air or moisture, plants may be damaged or destroyed.
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ON AQUATIC LIFE: Nitrogen Dioxide hydrolyzes to nitrogen dioxide when in contact with water.
If a release of Nitrogen Dioxide occurs near a river or other body of water, the release has the potential to kill fish and other
aquatic life.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
PREPARING WASTES FOR DISPOSAL: Waste disposal must be in accordance with appropriate Federal, State, and local
regulations. Return cylinders with any residual product to Airgas Inc. Do not dispose of locally.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
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14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
THIS MATERIAL IS HAZARDOUS AS DEFINED BY 49 CFR 172.101 BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION.
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Dinitrogen tetroxide, liquefied
(Note: This is the Proper Shipping Name for Nitrogen Dioxide)
HAZARD CLASS NUMBER and DESCRIPTION: 2.3 (Poison Gas)
UN IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: UN 1067
PACKING GROUP: Not Applicable
DOT LABEL(S) REQUIRED: Poison gas; Oxidizer; Corrosive
NORTH AMERICAN EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK NUMBER (1996): 124
14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
SPECIAL PROVISION: Nitrogen Dioxide is poisonous by inhalation. Shipments must be properly described as inhalation
hazards. ZONE A.
MARINE POLLUTANT: Nitrogen Dioxide is not classified by the DOT as a Marine Pollutant (as defined by 49 CFR
172.101, Appendix B).
TRANSPORT CANADA TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS: THIS MATERIAL IS
CONSIDERED AS DANGEROUS GOODS. Use the following above for the preparation of Canadian Shipments. Additional
information for Canadian shipments is as follows: Proper Shipping Name: Nitrogen Dioxide, liquefied or Dinitrogen
tetroxide, liquefied; Hazard Class: add 5.1 (Oxidizer), 8 (Corrosive); Special Provision: 79, 102.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
U.S. SARA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS: Nitrogen Dioxide is subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 302,
304 and 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, as follows:
CHEMICAL NAME SARA 302 SARA 304 SARA 313
(40 CFR 355, Appendix A) (40 CFR Table 302.4) (40 CFR 372.65)
Nitrogen Dioxide YES YES NO
U.S. SARA THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY: Nitrogen Dioxide = 100 lb.
U.S. CERCLA REPORTABLE QUANTITY (RQ): 10 lb.
CANADIAN DSL/NDSL INVENTORY STATUS: Nitrogen Dioxide is on the DSL Inventory.
U.S. TSCA INVENTORY STATUS: Nitrogen Dioxide is listed on the TSCA Inventory.
OTHER U.S. FEDERAL REGULATIONS: Nitrogen Dioxide (anhydrous) is not subject to the reporting requirements of
Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act. Compliance with the OSHA Process Safety Standard (29 CFR 1910.119) may be
applicable to operations involving the use of Nitrogen Dioxide. Under this regulation Nitrogen Dioxide is listed in Appendix
A, with a Threshold Quantity of 250 lb.
U.S. STATE REGULATORY INFORMATION: Nitrogen Dioxide is covered under specific State regulations, as denoted
below:
Alaska - Designated Toxic and Michigan - Critical Materials Register: Pennsylvania - Hazardous Substance
No.
Hazardous Substances: Nitrogen List: Nitrogen Dioxide.
Dioxide. Minnesota - List of Hazardous Rhode Island - Hazardous Substance
California - Permissible Exposure Substances: Nitrogen Dioxide. List: Nitrogen Dioxide.
Limits for Chemical Contaminants: Missouri - Employer Information/Toxic Texas - Hazardous Substance List:
Nitrogen Dioxide. Substance List: Nitrogen Dioxide. Nitrogen Dioxide.
Florida - Substance List: Nitrogen New Jersey - Right to Know Hazardous West Virginia - Hazardous Substance
Dioxide. Substance List: Nitrogen Dioxide. List: Nitrogen Dioxide.
Illinois - Toxic Substance List: North Dakota - List of Hazardous Wisconsin - Toxic and Hazardous
Nitrogen Dioxide. Chemicals, Reportable Quantities: Substances: Nitrogen Dioxide.
Kansas - Section 302/313 List: Nitrogen Dioxide.
Nitrogen Dioxide.
Massachusetts - Substance List:
Nitrogen Dioxide.
CALIFORNIA SAFE DRINKING WATER AND TOXIC ENFORCEMENT ACT (PROPOSITION 65): Nitrogen Dioxide is not
on the California Proposition 65 lists.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
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15. REGULATORY INFORMATION (Continued)
LABELING:
DANGER: POISONOUS, OXIDIZING LIQUID AND GAS UNDER PRESSURE.
MAY BE FATAL IF INHALED.
CAN CAUSE SEVERE LUNG DAMAGE.
CAN CAUSE EYE AND SKIN BURNS.
SYMPTOMS MAY BE DELAYED.
VIGOROUSLY ACCELERATES COMBUSTION.
Do not breath gas.
Store and use with adequate ventilation, and use in closed systems.
Do not get in eyes, on skin or clothing.
Keep oil, grease, and combustibles away.
Use with equipment cleaned for nitrogen dioxide service.
Cylinder temperature should not exceed 52癈 (125癋).
Close valve after each use and when empty.
WHEN RETURNING CYLINDER, INSTALL VALVE OUTLET CAP OR PLUG, LEAK TIGHT
Use in accordance with the Material Safety Data Sheet.
POISON
CALL A PHYSICIAN
FIRST-AID: IF INHALED, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. (Rescuer may
receive chemical burns as a result of giving mouth-to-mouth). If breathing, give oxygen. Call a
physician, even if no symptoms are present. Keep under medical observation. Symptoms
may be delayed.
IN CASE OF CONTACT, immediately flush eyes or skin with water for at least 15 minutes
while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Call a physician. Wash clothing before
reuse. (Discard contaminated shoes).
DO NOT REMOVE THIS PRODUCT LABEL.
CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS: Class A: Compressed Gas
Class C: Oxidizing Material
Class D1A: Toxic Material/Immediate and Serious Effects
Class D2A/D2B: Other Toxic Effects
16. OTHER INFORMATION
The information contained herein is based on data considered accurate. However, no warranty is expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of
these data or the results to be obtained from the use thereof. MESA Specialty Gas & Equipment assumes no responsibility for injury to the vendee
or third persons proximately caused by the material if reasonable safety procedures are not adhered to as stipulated in the data sheet.
Additionally, MESA Specialty Gas & Equipment assumes no responsibility for injury to vendee or third persons proximately caused by abnormal
use of the material even if reasonable safety procedures are followed. Furthermore, vendee assumes the risk in his use of the material.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE - NO2 MSDS
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DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
A large number of abbreviations and acronyms appear on a MSDS. Some of these which are commonly used include the following:
CAS #: This is the Chemical Abstract Service Number which uniquely identifies each constituent. It is used for computer-related searching.
EXPOSURE LIMITS IN AIR: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (Continued):
Flammability Hazard and Reactivity Hazard: Refer to definitions for
ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, a
"Hazardous Materials Identification System".
professional association which establishes exposure limits. TLV -
Threshold Limit Value - an airborne concentration of a substance which
FLAMMABILITY LIMITS IN AIR:
represents conditions under which it is generally believed that nearly all
Much of the information related to fire and explosion is derived from the
workers may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effect. The duration
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Flash Point - Minimum
must be considered, including the 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA),
temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable
the 15-minute Short Term Exposure Limit, and the instantaneous Ceiling
mixture with air. Autoignition Temperature: The minimum temperature
Level (C). Skin absorption effects must also be considered.
required to initiate combustion in air with no other source of ignition. LEL -
OSHA - U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. PEL -
the lowest percent of vapor in air, by volume, that will explode or ignite in
Permissible Exposure Limit - This exposure value means exactly the same
the presence of an ignition source. UEL - the highest percent of vapor in air,
as a TLV, except that it is enforceable by OSHA. The OSHA Permissible
by volume, that will explode or ignite in the presence of an ignition source.
Exposure Limits are based in the 1989 PELs and the June, 1993 Air
Contaminants Rule (Federal Register: 58: 35338-35351 and 58: 40191).
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION:
Both the current PELs and the vacated PELs are indicated. The phrase,
Possible health hazards as derived from human data, animal studies, or
"Vacated 1989 PEL," is placed next to the PEL which was vacated by Court
from the results of studies with similar compounds are presented.
Order.
Definitions of some terms used in this section are: LD50 - Lethal Dose
IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health - This level represents a
(solids & liquids) which kills 50% of the exposed animals; LC50 - Lethal
concentration from which one can escape within 30-minutes without
Concentration (gases) which kills 50% of the exposed animals; ppm
suffering escape-preventing or permanent injury. The DFG - MAK is the
concentration expressed in parts of material per million parts of air or water;
Republic of Germany's Maximum Exposure Level, similar to the U.S. PEL.
mg/m3 concentration expressed in weight of substance per volume of air;
NIOSH is the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, which is
mg/kg quantity of material, by weight, administered to a test subject, based
the research arm of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
on their body weight in kg. Data from several sources are used to evaluate
(OSHA). NIOSH issues exposure guidelines called Recommended
the cancer-causing potential of the material. The sources are: IARC - the
Exposure Levels (RELs). When no exposure guidelines are established,
International Agency for Research on Cancer; NTP - the National
an entry of NE is made for reference.
Toxicology Program, RTECS - the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical
Substances, OSHA and CAL/OSHA. IARC and NTP rate chemicals on a
HAZARD RATINGS:
scale of decreasing potential to cause human cancer with rankings from 1
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM: Health Hazard: 0
to 4. Subrankings (2A, 2B, etc.) are also used. Other measures of toxicity
(minimal acute or chronic exposure hazard); 1 (slight acute or chronic
include TDLo, the lowest dose to cause a symptom and TCLo the lowest
exposure hazard); 2 (moderate acute or significant chronic exposure
concentration to cause a symptom; TDo, LDLo, and LDo, or TC, TCo,
hazard); 3 (severe acute exposure hazard; onetime overexposure can result
LCLo, and LCo, the lowest dose (or concentration) to cause lethal or toxic
in permanent injury and may be fatal); 4 (extreme acute exposure hazard;
effects. BEI - Biological Exposure Indices, represent the levels of
onetime overexposure can be fatal). Flammability Hazard: 0 (minimal
determinants which are most likely to be observed in specimens collected
hazard); 1 (materials that require substantial pre-heating before burning); 2
from a healthy worker who has been exposed to chemicals to the same
(combustible liquid or solids; liquids with a flash point of 38-93癈 [100-
extent as a worker with inhalation exposure to the TLV. Ecological
200癋]); 3 (Class IB and IC flammable liquids with flash points below 38癈 Information: EC is the effect concentration in water.
[100癋]); 4 (Class IA flammable liquids with flash points below 23癈 [73癋]
REGULATORY INFORMATION:
and boiling points below 38癈 [100癋]. Reactivity Hazard: 0 (normally
This section explains the impact of various laws and regulations on the
stable); 1 (material that can become unstable at elevated temperatures or
material. EPA is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. WHMIS is the
which can react slightly with water); 2 (materials that are unstable but do not
Canadian Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. DOT and
detonate or which can react violently with water); 3 (materials that can
TC are the U.S. Department of Transportation and the Transport Canada,
detonate when initiated or which can react explosively with water); 4
(materials that can detonate at normal temperatures or pressures). respectively. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA); the
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION: Health Hazard: 0 Canadian Domestic/Non-Domestic Substances List (DSL/NDSL); the U.S.
(material that on exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA); Marine Pollutant status according to
beyond that of ordinary combustible materials); 1 (materials that on the DOT; the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
exposure under fire conditions could cause irritation or minor residual and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund); and various state regulations.
injury); 2 (materials that on intense or continued exposure under fire
conditions could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury);
3 (materials that can on short exposure could cause serious temporary or
residual injury); 4 (materials that under very short exposure causes death
or major residual injury).
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