MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Unleaded Gasoline
VALERO MARKETING & SUPPLY COMPANY
and Affiliates
P.O. Box 696000
San Antonio, TX 78269-6000
Emergency Phone Numbers General Assistance
24 Hour Emergency: 866-565-5220 General Assistance: 210-345-4593
Chemtrec Emergency: 800-424-9300
BRAND NAMES: Valero, Diamond Shamrock, Shamrock, Ultramar, Beacon, Total
Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
: Unleaded Gasoline
Common / Trade name
: Regular/Premium/Midgrade - Unleaded Gasoline, RFG - Reformulated Unleaded Gasoline,
Synonym
Conventional Unleaded Gasoline, Oxygenated Unleaded Gasoline, Non-Oxygenated
Unleaded Gasoline, CARB (California Air Resource Board) Unleaded Gasoline, RBOB -
Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending, CBOB - Conventional Blendstock for
Oxygenate Blending, Petrol, Motor Fuel,
SYNONYMS/COMMON NAMES: This Material Safety Data Sheet applies to the listed products and synonym descriptions
for Hazard Communication purposes only. Technical specifications vary greatly depending on the product and are not
reflected in this document. Consult specification sheets for technical information. This product contains ingredients that
are considered to be hazardous as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
: Motor Fuel
Material uses
: 002
MSDS #
: 86290-81-5
CAS #
Section 2. Hazards Identification
Danger! Contains Benzene. Cancer Hazard. Can cause kidney, liver and blood disorders. May cause irritation to eyes, skin
and respiratory system. Avoid liquid, mist and vapor contact. Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Aspiration hazard; can enter lungs
and cause damage. May cause irritation or be harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Extremely flammable liquid.
Vapors may explode.
: Liquid.
Physical state
: Danger!
Emergency overview
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. FLAMMABLE. VAPOR MAY
CAUSE FLASH FIRE. CAUSES SKIN IRRIT AT ION. MAY BE HARMFUL IF
ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN OR IF SWALLOWED. CONTAINS MATERIAL THAT
CAN CAUSE T ARGET ORGAN DAMAGE. CANCER HAZARD - CONTAINS
MATERIAL WHICH CAN CAUSE CANCER.
Do not ingest. Avoid prolonged contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep away from
heat, sparks and flame. Keep container closed. Use only with adequate ventilation.
Wash thoroughly after handling. Risk of cancer depends on duration and level of
exposure.
: Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.
Routes of entry
Potential acute health effects
: May cause severe irritation, redness, tearing, blurred vision and conjunctivitis.
Eyes
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: Prolonged or repeated contact may cause moderate irritation, defatting (cracking),
Skin
redness, itching, inflammation, dermatitis and possible secondary infection. High
pressure skin injections are SERIOUS MEDICAL EMERGENCIES. Injury may not
appear serious at first. Within a few hours, tissues will become swollen, discolored and
extremely painful.
: Nasal and respiratory tract irritation, central nervous system effects including excitation,
Inhalation
euphoria, contracted eye pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, fatigue, nausea,
headache, loss of reflexes, tremors, convulsions, seizures, loss of consciousness, coma,
respiratory arrest and sudden death could occur as a result of long term and/or high
concentration exposure to vapors. May also cause anemia and irregular heart rhythm.
Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause behavioral changes.
: Toxic if swallowed. This product may be harmful or fatal if swallowed. This product may
Ingestion
cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and restlessness. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Aspiration into the lungs can cause severe chemical pneumonitis or pulmonary
edema/hemorrhage, which can be fatal. May cause gastrointestinal disturbances.
Symptoms may include irritation, depression, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause harmful
central nervous system effects, similar to those listed under "inhalation".
: Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health
Medical conditions
by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Preexisting eye, skin, heart, central
aggravated by over-
nervous system and respiratory disorders may be aggravated by exposure to this
exposure
product. Impaired kidney, liver and blood disorders may be aggravated by exposure to
this product.
: Nasal and respiratory tract irritation, central nervous system effects including excitation,
Over-exposure
euphoria, contracted eye pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, fatigue, nausea,
signs/symptoms
headache, loss of reflexes, tremors, convulsions, seizures, loss of consciousness, coma,
respiratory arrest or sudden death could occur as a result of long term and/or high
concentration exposure to vapors. May also cause anemia and irregular heart rhythm.
See toxicological information (section 11)
Section 3. Composition, information on ingredients
Name CAS number Concentration ( % )
Gasoline 86290-81-5 0 - 100
Toluene 108-88-3 0 - 30
Hexane (Other Isomers) 96-14-0 5 - 25
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) 1330-20-7 0 - 25
Octane (All Isomers) 111-65-9 0 - 18.5
Ethanol 64-17-5 0 - 10
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 0-6
n-Heptane 142-82-5 1-5
Pentane 109-66-0 1-5
Cumene 98-82-8 0-5
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0-5
Benzene 71-43-2 0 - 4.9
n-Hexane 110-54-3 0-3
Cyclohexane 110-82-7 0-3
Section 4. First Aid Measures
: Flush immediately with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Eyelids should be
Eye contact
held away from the eyeball to ensure thorough rinsing. Seek medical advice if pain or
redness continues.
: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash exposed area thoroughly with soap
Skin contact
and water. Remove contaminated clothing promptly and launder before reuse.
Contaminated leather goods should be discarded. If irritation persists or symptoms
described in the MSDS develop, seek medical attention. High pressure skin injections
are SERIOUS MEDICAL EMERGENCIES. Get immediate medical attention.
: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give
Inhalation
artificial respiration. Get medical attention.
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: This product may be harmful or fatal if swallowed. This product may cause nausea,
Ingestion
vomiting, diarrhea and restlessness. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Aspiration into the
lungs can cause severe chemical pneumonitis or pulmonary edema/hemorrhage, which
can be fatal. May cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Symptoms may include irritation,
depression, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause harmful central nervous system effects,
similar to those listed under "inhalation".
: No specific treatment. Treat symptomatically. Contact poison treatment specialist
Notes to physician
immediately if large quantities have been ingested or inhaled.
: No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. If it is
Protection of first-aiders
suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or
self-contained breathing apparatus. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to
give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly with water
before removing it, or wear gloves.
Section 5. Fire Fighting Measures
Flammable.
Flammability of the product :
>260癈 (500癋)
Auto-ignition temperature :
Closed cup: -40癈 (-40癋).
Flash point :
Lower: 1.3% Upper: 7.1%
Flammable limits :
These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen and sulfur oxides (NOX, SO X),
Products of combustion :
particulate matter, VOC's.
Fire hazards in the presence : Extremely flammable in the presence of the following materials or conditions: open
flames, sparks and static discharge.
of various substances
: Explosive in the presence of the following materials or conditions: open flames, sparks
Explosion hazards in the
and static discharge.
presence of various
substances
Fire-fighting media and instructions
Extinguishing media
: Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray (fog) or foam.
Suitable
: Do not use water jet.
Not suitable
Collect contaminated fire-fighting water separately. It must not enter the sewage system.
Dike area of fire to prevent runoff. Decontaminate emergency personnel and equipment
with soap and water.
Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Vapor may cause flash fire. Vapors may
accumulate in low or confined areas or travel a considerable distance to a source of
ignition and flash back. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
: Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained
Special protective
breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode.
equipment for fire-
fighters
: Dangerous when exposed to heat or flame. Vapors form flammable or explosive
Special remarks on fire
mixtures with air at room temperature. Vapor or gas may spread to distant ignition
hazards
sources (pilot lights, welding equipment, electrical equipment, etc.) and flash back.
Vapors may accumulate in low areas. Vapors may concentrate in confined areas.
Flowing product can be ignited by self generated static electricity. Use adequate bonding
and grounding to prevent static buildup. Runoff to sewer may cause fire or explosion
hazard. Containers may explode in heat of fire. Irritating or toxic substances may be
emitted upon thermal decomposition. For fires involving this material, do not enter any
enclosed or confined space without proper protective equipment, which may include
NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full face mask. Clothing, rags
or similar organic material contaminated with this product and stored in a closed space
may undergo spontaneous combustion. Transfer to and from commonly bonded and
grounded containers.
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Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
: Immediately contact emergency personnel. Eliminate all ignition sources. Keep
Personal precautions
unnecessary personnel away. Use suitable protective equipment (section 8). Do not
touch or walk through spilled material. Tanks, vessels or other confined spaces which
have contained product should be freed of vapors before entering. The container should
be checked to ensure a safe atmosphere before entry. Empty containers may contain
toxic,flammable/combustible or explosive residues or vapors. Do not cut, grind, drill,
weld or reuse empty containers that contained this product. Do not transfer this product
to another container unless the container receiving the product is labeled with proper
DOT shipping name, hazard class and other information that describes the product and
its hazards.
: Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains
Environmental precautions
and sewers. Gasoline may contain oxygenated blend products (Ethanol, etc.) that are
soluble in water and therefore precautions should be taken to protect surface and
groundwater sources from contamination.If facility or operation has an "oil or hazardous
substance contingency plan", activate its procedures. Stay upwind and away from spill.
Wear appropriate protective equipment including respiratory protection as conditions
warrant. Do not enter or stay in area unless monitoring indicates that it is safe to do so.
Isolate hazard area and restrict entry to emergency crew. Extremely flammable. Review
Fire Fighting Measures section before proceeding with clean up. Keep all sources of
ignition (flames, smoking, flares, etc.) and hot surfaces away from release. Contain spill
in smallest possible area. Recover as much product as possible (e.g., by vacuuming).
Stop leak if it can be done without risk. Use water spray to disperse vapors. Spilled
material may be absorbed by an appropriate absorbent, and then handled in accordance
with environmental regulations. Prevent spilled material from entering sewers, storm
drains, other unauthorized treatment or drainage systems and natural waterways.
Contact fire authorities and appropriate federal, state and local agencies. If spill of any
amount is made into or upon navigable waters, the contiguous zone, or adjoining
shorelines, contact the National Response Center at 800-424- 8802. For highway or
railway spills, contact Chemtrec at 800-424-9300.
Methods for cleaning up
: For small spills, add absorbent (soil may be used in the absence of other suitable
Small spill
materials) and use a non-sparking or explosion-proof means to transfer material to a
sealable, appropriate container for disposal. Stop leak if without risk. Move containers
from spill area. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Dispose of via a
licensed waste disposal contractor.
: If emergency personnel are unavailable, contain spilled material. For large spills, dike
Large spill
spilled material or otherwise contain it to ensure runoff does not reach a waterway.
Place spilled material in an appropriate container for disposal.
Section 7. Handling and Storage
: Do not ingest. Avoid prolonged contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep container
Handling
closed. Use only with adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. To
avoid fire or explosion, dissipate static electricity during transfer by grounding and
bonding containers and equipment before transferring material. Use explosion-proof
electrical (ventilating, lighting and material handling) equipment. Wash thoroughly after
handling. Use only in well ventilated locations. Keep away from heat, spark and flames.
In case of fire, use water spray, foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide as described in the
Fire Fighting Measures section of the MSDS. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze,
solder, drill on or near this container. "Empty" container contains residue (liquid and/or
vapor) and may explode in heat of a fire.
Use good personal hygiene practices. After handling this product, wash hands before
eating, drinking, or using toilet facilities.
Keep out of reach of children. Failure to use caution may cause serious injury or illness.
Never siphon by mouth. For use as a motor fuel only. Do not use as a cleaning solvent
or for other non-motor fuel uses. To prevent ingestion and exposure - Do not siphon by
mouth to transfer product between containers. Use good personal hygiene practices.
After handling this product, wash hands before eating, drinking, or using toilet facilities.
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Unleaded Gasoline Page: 5/17
: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, isolated and well ventilated area away from
Storage
heat, sources of ignition and incompatible materials. Use non-sparking tools and
explosion proof equipment. Ground lines, containers, and other equipment used during
product transfer to reduce the possibility of a static induced spark. Do not "switch load"
because of possible accumulation of a static charge resulting in a source of ignition.
Use good personal hygiene practices.
Section 8. Exposure controls, personal protection
: Use only with adequate ventilation. Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation or
Engineering measures
other engineering controls to keep worker exposure to airborne contaminants below any
recommended or statutory limits. The engineering controls also need to keep gas, vapor
or dust concentrations below any lower explosive limits. Use explosion-proof ventilation
equipment.
Personal protection
: Safety eyewear complying with an approved standard should be used when a risk
Eyes
assessment indicates this is necessary to avoid exposure to liquid splashes, mists or
dusts. Keep away from eyes. Eye contact can be avoided by wearing safety glasses or
chemical splash goggles.
: Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task being
Skin
performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist before handling
this product. Keep away from skin. Skin contact can be minimized by wearing
protective gloves such as neoprene, nitrile-butadiene rubber, etc. and, where necessary,
impervious clothing and boots. Leather goods contaminated with this product should be
discarded. A source of clean water should be available in the work area for flushing
eyes and skin. Flame Retardant Clothing is recommended.
: Use a properly fitted, air-purifying or air-fed respirator complying with an approved
Respiratory
standard if a risk assessment indicates this is necessary.Respirator selection must be
based on known or anticipated exposure levels, the hazards of the product and the safe
working limits of the selected respirator. If workplace exposure limits for product or
components are exceeded, NIOSH approved equipment should be worn. Proper
respirator selection should be determined by adequately trained personnel, based on the
contaminants, the degree of potential exposure and published respiratory protection
factors. This equipment should be available for nonroutine and emergency use.
: Chemical-resistant, impervious gloves complying with an approved standard should be
Hands
worn at all times when handling chemical products if a risk assessment indicates this is
necessary.
: Consult your Supervisor or S.O.P. for special handling directions.
Personal protective
equipment (Pictograms)
: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. Self-contained breathing
Personal protection in case
apparatus (SCBA) should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested
of a large spill
protective clothing might not be adequate. Consult a specialist before handling this
product.
: If this product contains ingredients with exposure limits, personal, workplace atmosphere
Recommended monitoring
or biological monitoring may be required to determine the effectiveness of the ventilation
procedures
or other control measures and/or the necessity to use respiratory protective equipment.
: Wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly after handling chemical products, before
Hygiene measures
Environmental exposure eating, smoking and using the lavatory and at the end of the working period. Appropriate
techniques should be used to remove potentially contaminated clothing. Wash
controls
contaminated clothing before reusing. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers
are close to the workstation location.
: Emissions from ventilation or work process equipment should be checked to ensure they
comply with the requirements of environmental protection legislation. In some cases,
fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to the process equipment will be
necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.
Component Exposure limits
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Gasoline ACGIH TLV (United States, 5/2004).
STEL: 500 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 300 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Toluene ACGIH TLV (United States, 5/2004). Skin Notes: 1996 Adoption Refers to Appendix A
-- Carcinogens.
TWA: 50 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
STEL: 150 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 100 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL Z2 (United States, 6/2002).
AMP: 500 ppm 10 minute(s). Form: All forms
CEIL: 300 ppm Form: All forms
TWA: 200 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Hexane (Other Isomers) ACGIH TLV (United States, 9/2004).
STEL: 1000 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 500 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
CEIL: 510 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) ACGIH TLV (United States, 5/2004).
STEL: 150 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 100 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 100 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Octane (All Isomers) NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
CEIL: 385 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 75 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 500 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
ACGIH TLV (United States, 3/2004). Notes: 1999 Adoption.
TWA: 300 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Ethanol ACGIH TLV (United States, 5/2004). Notes: 1996 Adoption Refers to Appendix A --
Carcinogens.
TWA: 1000 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
TWA: 1000 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 1000 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene NIOSH REL (United States, 12/2001).
TWA: 25 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
ACGIH TLV (United States, 1/2005).
TWA: 25 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
n-Heptane ACGIH TLV (United States, 9/2004).
STEL: 500 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 400 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
TWA: 350 mg/m?10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 500 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Pentane ACGIH TLV (United States, 9/2004). Notes: 1998 Adoption.
TWA: 600 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
CEIL: 610 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 120 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 1000 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Cumene ACGIH TLV (United States, 3/2004). Notes: 1999 Adoption.
TWA: 50 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001). Skin
TWA: 50 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993). Skin
TWA: 50 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Ethylbenzene ACGIH TLV (United States, 1/2004).
STEL: 125 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 100 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
STEL: 125 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 100 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 100 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Benzene NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001). Notes: See Appendix A - NIOSH Potential
Occupational Carcinogen
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Unleaded Gasoline Page: 7/17
STEL: 1 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 0.1 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
ACGIH TLV (United States, 1/2006). Skin
STEL: 2.5 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 0.5 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
STEL: 5 ppm 15 minute(s). Form: All forms
TWA: 1 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
n-Hexane OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 500 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
ACGIH TLV (United States, 9/2004). Skin
TWA: 50 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
TWA: 50 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
Cyclohexane ACGIH TLV (United States, 1/2004).
TWA: 100 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
NIOSH REL (United States, 6/2001).
TWA: 300 ppm 10 hour(s). Form: All forms
OSHA PEL (United States, 6/1993).
TWA: 300 ppm 8 hour(s). Form: All forms
Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.
Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Liquid.
Physical state :
Light Straw to Red Clear Liquid
Color :
Characteristic Gasloine Odor (Strong.)
Odor :
26.7 to 226.7癈 (80.1 to 440.1癋)
Boiling point :
May start to solidify at the following temperature: 6.67癈 (44癋) This is based on data for
Melting/freezing point :
the following ingredient: Cyclohexane. Weighted average: -91.9癈 (-133.4癋)
0.66 to 0.75 (Water = 1) (@ 60 oF)
Specific gravity :
60.8 to 101.3 kPa (456 to 760 mm Hg) (at 20癈)
Vapor pressure :
3 to 4 (Air = 1)
Vapor density :
Essentially 100%
Volatility :
10 to 11 compared with Butyl acetate.
Evaporation rate :
Very slightly soluble in the following materials: cold water and hot water.
Solubility :
Section 10. Stability and reactivity data
: The product is stable.
Stability
: Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous polymerization will not occur.
Hazardous polymerization
: Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Do not pressurize, cut, weld,
Conditions to avoid
braze, solder, drill, grind or expose containers to heat or sources of ignition. Do not
allow vapor to accumulate in low or confined areas. Avoid exposure - obtain special
instructions before use.
: Highly reactive or incompatible with the following materials:
Materials to avoid
oxidizing materials
: Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should
Hazardous decomposition
not be produced.
products
: Extremely flammable in the presence of the following materials or conditions: open
Conditions of reactivity
flames, sparks and static discharge.
Explosive in the presence of the following materials or conditions: open flames, sparks
and static discharge.
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Section 11. Toxicological Information
Toxicity data
BENZENE is considered to be a carcinogen to humans, and may cause adverse health effects following exposure via inhalation, ingestion or dermal or
eye contact. Acute inhalation of benzene by rats, mice or rabbits caused narcosis, spontaneous heart contractions (ventricular fibrillation) and death due to
respiratory paralysis. Subchronic inhalation of benzene by rats produced decreased white blood cell counts, decreased bone marrow cell activity,
increased red blood cell activity and cataracts. In rats, chronic inhalation or oral administration of benzene produced cancers of the liver, mouth and
Zymbal gland. Acute inhalation exposure of benzene in humans has caused nerve inflammation (polyneuritis), central nervous system depression and
cardiac sensitization. Chronic exposure to benzene has produced anorexia and irreversible injury to the blood forming organs. Potential
effects include aplastic anemia and leukemia. It has a caused fetal defects in tests on laboratory animals.
CUMENE can affect the body if it is it inhaled, swallowed or comes in contact with the eyes or skin. The main toxic effect is irritation of the eyes, skin and
upper respiratory tract. Narcosis has been reported to occur in animals on high exposure. There are no reports of systemic effects in man as a result of
industrial exposure. Chronic exposure of rats above 500 ppm causes congestion of lungs, liver and kidneys, but no bone marrow changes.
CYCLOHEXANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, swallowed, or comes in contact with the eyes or skin. It is primarily a local irritant and central nervous
system depressant. The depressant effect is from exposure to concentrations above 12,000 ppm, while prolonged or repeated exposure to concentrations
above 300 ppm produces a mild irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract.
ETHANOL is rapidly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and normally metabolized and excreted in a relatively few hours. Only in very unusual
work situations could the inhalation of ethanol vapors result in symptoms of alcohol intoxication. Can be fatal or cause blindness if swallowed in extreme
quantities. Inhalation or ingestion can cause headache, nausea, dizziness or narcosis. Chronic overexposure (inhalation or ingestion) can cause damage
to the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system. Prolonged contact causes irritation to skin and eyes. Medical conditions aggravated
by exposure include kidney, liver, heart and GI conditions. This material is not listed as a cancer causing agent but is suspected of being a promoter.
ETHYLBENZENE can affect the body if it is inhaled, swallowed or comes in contact with the eyes or skin. It is primarily an irritant of skin, and to some
degree, of eyes and upper respiratory tract. Systemic absorption causes depression of the central nervous system with narcosis at very high
concentrations. On the eyes and nose, the vapor at 5000 ppm causes intolerable irritation, eye irritation and lacrimation are immediate and severe at 2000
ppm, irritation and tearing occur at 1000 ppm although tolerance develops rapidly, and the vapor is a transient irritant on human eyes at 200 ppm.
Aspiration of small amounts causes extensive edema and hemorrhage of lung tissue. A draft report on a study conducted by the National Toxicology
program states that lifetime inhalation exposure of rats and mice to concentrations of ethylbenzene(750 ppm) resulted in increases in certain types of
cancer, including kidney tumors in rats and lung and liver tumors in mice. These effects were not observed in animals exposed to lower concentrations of
ethlybenzene (75 ppm or 250 ppm). The draft report does not address the relevance of these results to humans.
GASOLINE contains benzene, as well as n-hexane, other aromatics and certain olefins. Gasoline generally acts as an anesthetic and mucous membrane
irritant. Inhalation is the most important route of occupational entry. Eye and throat irritation occur in several hours at exposures of 160 to 270 ppm, eye,
nose and throat irritation and dizziness occurs at exposures of 500 to 900 ppm in one hour, mild anesthesia occurs in 30 minutes at exposures of 2000
ppm. The threshold for immediate mild toxic effect if 900 to 1000 ppm. There are reports of toxic neuritis after exposure to gasoline. Repeated exposure
of laboratory animals to high concentrations of gasoline vapors has caused kidney damage and cancer in rats and cancer in mice. Gasoline was evaluated
for genetic activity in assays using microbial cells, cultured mammalian cells and rat bone marrow cells. The results were all negative so gasoline was
considered nonmutagenic under these conditions. Overexposure to this product or its components has been suggested as a cause of liver abnormalities
in laboratory animals and humans. Lifetime studies by the American Petroleum Institute have shown that kidney damage and kidney cancer can occur in
male rats after prolonged inhalation exposures at elevated concentrations of total gasoline. Kidneys of mice and female rats were unaffected. The U.S.
EPA Risk Assessment Forum has concluded that the male rat kidney tumor results are not relevant for humans. Total gasoline exposure also produced
liver tumors in female mice only. The implication of these data for humans has not neen determined.
HEPTANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or is swallowed. Heptane vapor is a narcotic. Concentrations of
10,000 to 15,000 ppm produced narcosis in mice within 30 to 60 minutes, while 15,000 to 20,000 ppm caused convulsions and death. At 48,000 ppm,
respiratory arrest was produced in mice in 3 to 4 minutes from the start of exposure. Human subjects exposed to 1,000 ppm for 6 minutes, or to 2,000
ppm for 4 minutes, reported slight vertigo. At 5,000 ppm for 4 minutes, there was marked vertigo, inability to walk a straight line, hilarity, and
incoordination, but no complaints of eye and upper respiratory tract or mucous membrane irritation. A 15-minute exposure at 5,000 ppm produced in some
subjects a state of stupor lasting for 30 minutes after exposure. These subjects also reported loss of appetite, slight nausea, and a taste resembling
gasoline for several hours after exposure. Although chronic nervous system affects have not been attributed to heptane, polyneuritis has been reported
following prolonged exposure to a petroleum fraction with boiling range between 70癈 and 100?C, and this fraction would normally contain various
isomers of heptane as major ingredients.
n-HEXANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or is swallowed. Hexane vapor is a narcotic and a mild upper
respiratory irritant. Polyneuropathy (peripheral nerve damage) has been reported to occur in workers exposed to hexane vapors, characterized by
progressive weakness and numbness in the extremities, loss of deep tendon reflexes and reduction of motor nerve conduction velocity. Recovery ranges
from no recovery to complete recovery depending upon the duration of exposure and severity of nerve damage. Concentrations of 30,000 ppm produced
narcosis in mice within 30 to 60 minutes, convulsions and death occurred at 35,000 to 40,000 ppm, and at 64,000 ppm respiratory arrest was produced in
2.5 to 4.5 minutes from the start of exposure. Concentrations up to 8000 ppm produced no anesthesia. In human subjects, 2000 ppm for 10 minutes
produced no effects, but 5000 ppm resulted in dizziness and a sensation of giddiness. Other investigators reported slight nausea, headache and irritation
of the eyes and throat at 1400 to 1500 ppm. In industrial practice, mild narcotic symptoms such as dizziness have been observed when concentrations
exceeded 1000 ppm, but not below 500 ppm.
OCTANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the skin or eyes or is swallowed. Octane vapor is a mild narcotic and mucous membrane
irritant. Concentrations of 6600 to 13,700 ppm produced narcosis in mice in 30 to 90 minutes, the fatal concentration for animals is near 13,500 ppm. No
chronic systemic effects have been reported in humans.
PENTANE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or is swallowed. The chief effects of inhalation are narcosis and
irritation of the respiratory passages. Exposures of 90,000 to 120,000 ppm resulted in narcosis in animals in 5 to 6 minutes, 130,000 ppm was fatal with
respiratory arrest occurring within 5 minutes of exposure. Pentane injected subcutaneously in rats produced temporary impairment of liver function and
moderate neutropenia. While other aliphatic hydrocarbons produce drowsiness and mild irritation of the eyes and nose in human subjects, no symptoms
resulted from exposure to pentane vapor for 10 minutes at 5000 ppm. Chronic exposure to high concentrations may lead to polyneuropathy (peripheral
nerve damage), characterized by progressive weakness and numbness in the extremities, loss of deep tendon reflexes and reduction of motor nerve
conduction velocity.
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TOLUENE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin or it is swallowed. It may also enter the body through the skin. Toluene
vapors cause narcosis. Controlled exposures of human subjects to 200 ppm for 8 hours produced mild fatigue, weakness, confusion, lacrimation and
paresthesia. At 600 ppm for 8 hours, there was euphoria, headache, dizziness, dilated pupils and nausea. At 800 ppm for 8 hours, symptoms were more
pronounced, and after effects included nervousness, muscular fatigue and insomnia persisting for several days. In workers exposed for many years to
concentrations in the range of 80 to 300 ppm, there was no clinical or laboratory evidence of altered liver function. Toluene exposure does not result in the
same chronic injury to bone marrow caused by benzene. Liquid splashed in the eyes of workers has caused transient corneal damage and conjunctival
irritation, complete recovery occurred within 48 hours. Animal studies have shown that inhalation of high levels of toluene produced cardiac sensitization.
Such sensitization may cause fatal changes in heart rhythms. This later effect was shown to be enhanced by hypoxia or the injection of adrenalin-like
agents. Workers exposed at less than 200 ppm have complained of headache, lassitude and nausea, but physical findings were essentially negative. At
concentrations between 200 and 500 ppm, impairment of coordination, momentary loss of memory and anorexia were present. Between 500 and 1500
ppm, palpitation, extreme weakness, pronounced loss of coordination and impairment of reaction time were noted. The red cell count fell in many
instances and there were cases of aplastic anemia in which recovery followed intensive hospital treatment (although some of the effects may have been
due to benzene impurity). Toluene has been reported to decrease immunological responses and cause recordable hearing loss in test animals. Damages
genetic material in mammalian test systems. May cause adverse reproductive effects based on animal testing.
TRIMETHYL BENZENE (PSEUDOCUMENE) can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin or it is swallowed. It may also enter
the body through the skin. The liquid is a primary skin irritant, but system intoxication due to absorption through the skin is not probable. High
concentrations of vapors (5000 to 9000 ppm) caused central nervous system depression. Pseudocumene may cause nervousness, tension, anxiety, and
asthmatic bronchitis. In addition, the peripheral blood showed a tendency to hypochromic anemia and a deviation from the normal in the coagulability of
the blood.
XYLENE can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin or it is swallowed. It may also enter the body through the skin. Xylene
vapor irritates the eyes, mucous membranes and skin. At high concentrations it causes narcosis. In animals, xylene causes blood changes reflecting mild
toxicity to the hematopoietic system. Laboratory animals exposed by various routes to high does of xylene showed evidence of effects in the liver, kidneys,
lungs, spleen, heart and adrenals. Rats exposed to xylene vapor during pregnancy showed embryo/fetotoxic effects. Mice exposed orally to doses
producing maternal toxicity also showed embryo or fetotoxic effects. Laboratory rats exposed to high concentrations of toluene experienced recordable
hearing loss. In humans, exposure to high concentrations can cause dizziness, excitement, drowsiness, incoordination and a staggering gait. Workers
exposed to concentrations above 200 ppm complain of anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Brief exposures of humans to 200 ppm caused
irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. There are reports of reversible corneal vacuolation in workers exposed to xylene, or to xylene plus other volatile
solvents.
HEXANE ISOMERS are three times as toxic to mice as is pentane. Narcosis was produced in mice within 30-60 minutes at concentrations of 30,000 ppm.
In man, concentrations for 10 minutes at 2000 ppm produced no effects, but 5000 ppm caused dizziness and a sense of giddiness. Concentrations of
1400-1500 ppm produced slight nausea, headache, eye, and throat irritation.
Acute toxicity
Product/ingredient name Result Species Dose
Gasoline LD50 Oral Rat 92 g/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 13.6 g/kg
Toluene LD50 Dermal Rabbit 14100 uL/kg
LD50 Intraperitoneal Rat 1332 mg/kg
LD50 Intravenous Rat 1960 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 636 mg/kg
LD50 Unreported Rat 6900 mg/kg
LDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 2.5 mL/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 900 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 750 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 600 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 400 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 800 mg/kg
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) LD50 Dermal Rabbit >1700 mg/kg
LD50 Intraperitoneal Rat 2459 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 4300 mg/kg
LD50 Subcutaneous Rat 1700 mg/kg
Ethanol LD50 Intra-arterial Rat 11 mg/kg
LD50 Intraperitoneal Rat 3600 ug/kg
LD50 Intravenous Rat 1440 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 7060 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 7 g/kg
LDLo Dermal Rabbit 20 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 2700 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1.25 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1000 mg/kg
TDLo Intracerebral Rat 363.6 ug/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 500 mg/kg
TDLo Intravenous Rat 0.5 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 0.5 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 6 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 10 mL/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 6.67 mL/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 5 mL/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 2.45 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 6000 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 5250 mg/kg
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TDLo Oral Rat 5000 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 4800 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 5.25 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 0.5 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 3 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 2.5 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 0.25 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 0.72 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 1600 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 1500 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 5 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1.5 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 8000 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 2 g/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 6.4 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1 g/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 3500 mg/kg
TDLo Intracerebral Rat 106 ug/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 2.4 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 3000 mg/kg
TDLo Unreported Rat 3 g/kg
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene LD50 Oral Rat 5 g/kg
LDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1752 mg/kg
Pentane LD50 Oral Rat >2000 mg/kg
Cumene LD50 Dermal Rabbit 12300 uL/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 1400 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 2.9 g/kg
Ethylbenzene LD50 Dermal Rabbit 17800 uL/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 3500 mg/kg
TDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 1062 mg/kg
Benzene LD50 Dermal Rabbit >9400 uL/kg
LD50 Intraperitoneal Rat 1100 ug/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 1800 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 930 mg/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 1 mL/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 6400 mg/kg
LDLo Subcutaneous Rat 5 mg/kg
TDLo Dermal Rat 0.92 mL/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 320 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 1280 mg/kg
n-Hexane LD50 Oral Rat 25 g/kg
LDLo Intraperitoneal Rat 9100 mg/kg
TDLo Oral Rat 20000 mg/kg
Cyclohexane LD Dermal Rabbit >180 g/kg
LD50 Oral Rat 12705 mg/kg
Carcinogenicity
Classification
Product/ingredient name ACGIH IARC EPA NIOSH NTP OSHA
Gasoline A3 - - - - -
Toluene A4 3 - - - -
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) A4 3 - - - -
Ethanol A4 - - - - -
Ethylbenzene A3 2B - - - -
Benzene A1 1 - + Proven. +
Chronic effects on humans : CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified A3 (Proven for animals.) by ACGIH [Gasoline].
Classified 2 (Suspected for humans.) by European Union [Gasoline]. Classified A4 (Not
classifiable for humans or animals.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not classifiable for humans.) by IARC
[Toluene]. Classified A4 (Not classifiable for humans or animals.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not
classifiable for humans.) by IARC [Xylene (o,m,p isomers)]. Classified A4 (Not
classifiable for humans or animals.) by ACGIH [Ethanol]. Classified A3 (Proven for
animals.) by ACGIH, 2B (Possible for humans.) by IARC [Ethylbenzene]. Classified A1
(Confirmed for humans.) by ACGIH, 1 (Proven for humans.) by IARC, 1 (Known to be
human carcinogens.) by NTP, + (Proven.) by OSHA, + (Proven.) by NIOSH, 1 (Proven
for humans.) by European Union [Benzene].
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 2 by European Union [Benzene].
Contains material which may cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys,
lungs, the reproductive system, liver, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal tract,
upper respiratory tract, skin, bone marrow, central nervous system (CNS), eye, lens or
cornea.
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Other toxic effects on : Extremely hazardous by the following route of exposure: of ingestion.
humans Very hazardous by the following route of exposure: of eye contact (irritant), .
Hazardous by the following route of exposure: of skin contact (irritant).
Slightly hazardous by the following route of exposure: of inhalation (lung irritant).
Specific effects
: Contains material which can cause cancer. Risk of cancer depends on duration and
Carcinogenic effects
level of exposure.
Contains material which causes damage to the following organs: skin.
Target organs :
Contains material which may cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys,
lungs, the reproductive system, liver, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal tract,
upper respiratory tract, bone marrow, central nervous system (CNS), eye, lens or
cornea.
Section 12. Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity data
Product/ingredient Result Species Exposure
name
Toluene Acute EC50 6880 to 9830 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 6780 to 7810 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute EC50 6000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 19600 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 15.5 ppm Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 15500 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 36.2 to 44.6 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 17.03 to 19.05 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 6780 to 7810 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 6410 to 7180 ug/L Marine water Fish - Pink salmon - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 96 hours
Acute LC50 15.53 to 17.16 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 5800 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 5500 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Coho salmon,silver salmon - Oncorhynchus 96 hours
kisutch
Acute LC50 310000 to 420000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 170000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Dungeness or edible crab - Cancer 48 hours
magister
Acute LC50 97700 to 174700 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 13 to 15 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 86300 to 174700 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 7.3 ul/L Marine water Fish - Striped bass - Morone saxatilis 96 hours
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) Acute LC50 8.5 ppm Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 13500 to 15034 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 13500 to 19200 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 13400 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 13300 to 16114 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 12000 to 16114 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 12000 to 13762 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 8600 to 9591 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 8500 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 8200 to 10032 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 3300 to 4093 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 13500 to 16100 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Ethanol Acute EC50 9.3 to 11.2 g/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 10600 to 11200 mg/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia obtusa 48 hours
Acute EC50 >100 ppm Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 2000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 13 to 16 ml/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 5577000 to 6557000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Ceriodaphnia dubia 48 hours
Acute LC50 3715000 to 4432000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Ceriodaphnia dubia 48 hours
Acute LC50 >100000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 42000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 4 days
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia
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franchiscana
Acute LC50 11000000 ug/L Marine water Fish - Bleak - Alburnus alburnus 96 hours
Acute LC50 10000000 to 11500000 ug/L Marine water Fish - Bleak - Alburnus alburnus 96 hours
Acute LC50 5680 to 7392 mg/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 6076000 to 7115000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Ceriodaphnia dubia 48 hours
Acute LC50 6325000 to 7413000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Ceriodaphnia dubia 48 hours
Acute LC50 14200000 to 15100000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 13480000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Chronic NOEC <6.3 g/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Acute LC50 17000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Dungeness or edible crab - Cancer 48 hours
magister
Acute LC50 7720 to 8280 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
n-Heptane Acute LC50 4924000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Western mosquitofish - Gambusia affinis 96 hours
Acute LC50 375000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Mozambique tilapia - Tilapia mossambica 96 hours
Cumene Acute EC50 11200 to 14100 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 10600 to 14100 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 7500 to 11200 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute EC50 7400 to 11290 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 30500 to 39900 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 8000 to 12590 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 20300 to 45100 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 34300 to 46300 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 7400 to 11290 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 6320 to 6610 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 5100 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Guppy - Poecilia reticulata 96 hours
Acute LC50 2700 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Ethylbenzene Acute EC50 13300 to 18100 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute EC50 6530 to 9460 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute EC50 2970 to 4400 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 2930 to 4400 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 13300 to 18100 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 150 to 200 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 12100 to 12700 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 11900 to 15600 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 9600 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Guppy - Poecilia reticulata 96 hours
Acute LC50 9100 to 11000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 9090 to 11000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 8780 to 13700 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 40000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Dungeness or edible crab - Cancer 48 hours
magister
Acute LC50 >5200 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Opossum shrimp - Americamysis 48 hours
bahia
Acute LC50 5100 to 5700 ug/L Marine water Fish - Atlantic silverside - Menidia menidia 96 hours
Acute LC50 4200 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 18400 to 25400 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 13900 to 17200 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 75000 to 120000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 4.3 to 4.7 ul/L Marine water Fish - Striped bass - Morone saxatilis 96 hours
Chronic NOEC 3300 ug/L Marine water Fish - Atlantic silverside - Menidia menidia 96 hours
Benzene Acute EC50 22000 to 29500 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 11730 to 15600 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 10000 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 9230 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute EC50 58400 to 82300 ug/L Fresh water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia sp. 48 hours
Acute LC50 35 to 43.8 ppm Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 33000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 9.2 to 11.7 mg/L Fresh water Fish - Rainbow trout,donaldson trout - 96 hours
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Acute LC50 21000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Brine shrimp - Artemia salina 48 hours
Acute LC50 11.38 ml/L Marine water Crustaceans - Crab - Scylla serrata 48 hours
Acute LC50 9.15 ml/L Marine water Crustaceans - Crab - Scylla serrata 48 hours
Acute LC50 6.59 ml/L Marine water Crustaceans - Crab - Scylla serrata 48 hours
Acute LC50 35000 ug/L Marine water Crustaceans - Daggerblade grass shrimp - 48 hours
Palaemonetes pugio
Acute LC50 99200 to 122600 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 135700 to 168800 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 96200 to 134100 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 76900 to 114100 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 59600 to 80700 ug/L Fresh water Daphnia - Water flea - Daphnia magna 48 hours
Acute LC50 5.02 ml/L Marine water Crustaceans - Crab - Scylla serrata 48 hours
Acute LC50 11.73 to 13.63 ul/L Fresh water Fish - Chinook salmon - Oncorhynchus 96 hours
tshawytscha
Acute LC50 14.09 to 18.3 ul/L Fresh water Fish - Coho salmon,silver salmon - Oncorhynchus 96 hours
kisutch
Acute LC50 8.47 to 9.09 ul/L Marine water Fish - Pink salmon - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 96 hours
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Acute LC50 10.9 ul/L Marine water Fish - Striped bass - Morone saxatilis 96 hours
Acute LC50 10.76 to 12.04 ul/L Fresh water Fish - Sockeye salmon - Oncorhynchus nerka 96 hours
Acute LC50 5.8 ul/L Marine water Fish - Striped bass - Morone saxatilis 96 hours
Acute LC50 5.55 to 8.21 ul/L Marine water Fish - Sockeye salmon - Oncorhynchus nerka 96 hours
Acute LC50 5.28 ul/L Fresh water Fish - Pink salmon - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 96 hours
Acute LC50 9.8 ul/L Fresh water Fish - Coho salmon,silver salmon - Oncorhynchus 96 hours
kisutch
n-Hexane Acute LC50 113000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Mozambique tilapia - Tilapia mossambica 96 hours
Acute LC50 2500 to 2980 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Cyclohexane Acute LC50 610000 ug/L Marine water Fish - Tigerfish, crescent perch - Terapon jarbua 96 hours
Acute LC50 117000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 93000 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 57680 to 68760 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Guppy - Poecilia reticulata 96 hours
Acute LC50 42330 to 53470 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 34720 to 44690 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Bluegill - Lepomis macrochirus 96 hours
Acute LC50 32710 to 42070 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Acute LC50 8300 ug/L Marine water Fish - Striped bass - Morone saxatilis 96 hours
Acute LC50 4530 to 5180 ug/L Fresh water Fish - Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas 96 hours
Biodegradability
Biodegradability
: Products of degradation: carbon oxides (CO, CO2) and water.
Products of degradation
Section 13. Disposal Considerations
: The generation of waste should be avoided or minimized wherever possible. Empty
Waste disposal
containers or liners may retain some product residues. This material and its container
must be disposed of in a safe way. Dispose of surplus and non-recyclable products via
a licensed waste disposal contractor. Disposal of this product, solutions and any by-
products should at all times comply with the requirements of environmental protection
and waste disposal legislation and any regional local authority requirements. Avoid
dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and
sewers.
Consult your local or regional authorities.
Section 14. Transport Information
Regulatory UN number Proper shipping Class Packing group Label Additional
information name information
1203 Gasoline 3 II Not available.
DOT Classification
FLAMMABLE LIQUID
3
1203 Gasoline 3 II Not available.
TDG Classification
3
Section 15. Regulatory Information
United States
: Flammable liquid
HCS Classification
Irritating material
Carcinogen
Target organ effects
: TSCA 4(a) final test rules: Hexane (Other Isomers); n-Heptane; Pentane; n-Hexane
U.S. Federal regulations
TSCA 8(a) PAIR: n-Heptane; Pentane
United States inventory (TSCA 8b): All materials are listed on the inventory
TSCA 12(b) one-time export: n-Heptane; Pentane
TSCA 12(b) annual export notification: Hexane (Other Isomers); n-Hexane
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SARA 302/304/311/312 extremely hazardous substances: No products were found.
SARA 302/304 emergency planning and notification: No products were found.
SARA 302/304/311/312 hazardous chemicals: Toluene; Hexane (Other Isomers);
Xylene (o,m,p isomers); Octane (All Isomers); Ethanol; 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene; n-
Heptane; Pentane; Cumene; Ethylbenzene; Benzene; n-Hexane; Cyclohexane
SARA 311/312 MSDS distribution - chemical inventory - hazard identification:
Toluene: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard, Delayed (chronic) health hazard;
Hexane (Other Isomers): Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard; Xylene (o,m,p
isomers): Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard, Delayed (chronic) health
hazard; Octane (All Isomers): Fire hazard; Ethanol: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute)
health hazard, Delayed (chronic) health hazard; 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene: Fire hazard,
Delayed (chronic) health hazard; n-Heptane: Fire hazard; Pentane: Fire hazard,
Immediate (acute) health hazard; Cumene: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health
hazard; Ethylbenzene: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard, Delayed (chronic)
health hazard; Benzene: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard, Delayed
(chronic) health hazard; n-Hexane: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health hazard,
Delayed (chronic) health hazard; Cyclohexane: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute) health
hazard, Delayed (chronic) health hazard; Gasoline: Fire hazard, Immediate (acute)
health hazard, Delayed (chronic) health hazard
Clean Water Act (CWA) 307: Toluene; Ethylbenzene; Benzene
Clean Water Act (CWA) 311: Toluene; Xylene (o,m,p isomers); Ethylbenzene; Benzene;
Cyclohexane
Clean Air Act (CAA) 112 accidental release prevention: Pentane
Clean Air Act (CAA) 112 regulated flammable substances: Pentane
Clean Air Act (CAA) 112 regulated toxic substances: No products were found.
SARA 313
Product name CAS number Concentration
: Toluene 108-88-3 0 - 30
Form R - Reporting
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) 1330-20-7 0 - 25
requirements
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 0-6
Cumene 98-82-8 0-5
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0-5
Benzene 71-43-2 0 - 4.9
n-Hexane 110-54-3 0-3
Cyclohexane 110-82-7 0-3
: Toluene 108-88-3 0 - 30
Supplier notification
Xylene (o,m,p isomers) 1330-20-7 0 - 25
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 0-6
Cumene 98-82-8 0-5
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0-5
Benzene 71-43-2 0 - 4.9
n-Hexane 110-54-3 0-3
Cyclohexane 110-82-7 0-3
SARA 313 notifications must not be detached from the MSDS and any copying and redistribution of the MSDS shall
include copying and redistribution of the notice attached to copies of the MSDS subsequently redistributed.
: Connecticut Carcinogen Reporting: None of the components are listed.
State regulations
Connecticut Hazardous Material Survey: None of the components are listed.
Florida substances: None of the components are listed.
Illinois Chemical Safety Act: None of the components are listed.
Illinois Toxic Substances Disclosure to Employee Act: None of the components are
listed.
Louisiana Reporting: None of the components are listed.
Louisiana Spill: None of the components are listed.
Massachusetts Spill: None of the components are listed.
Massachusetts Substances: The following components are listed: TOLUENE; 3-
METHYLPENTANE; XYLENE; OCTANE; ETHYL ALCOHOL; PSEUDOCUMENE;
HEPTANE (N-HEPTANE); PENTANE; CUMENE; ETHYL BENZENE; BENZENE;
HEXANE;CYCLOHEXANE
Michigan Critical Material: None of the components are listed.
Continued on next page
Unleaded Gasoline Page: 15/17
Minnesota Hazardous Substances: None of the components are listed.
New Jersey Hazardous Substances: The following components are listed: MOTOR
FUEL, n.o.s.; TOLUENE; XYLENES; OCTANE; ETHYL ALCOHOL; PSEUDOCUMENE;
n-HEPTANE; PENTANE; CUMENE; ETHYL BENZENE; BENZENE; n-
HEXANE;CYCLOHEXANE
New Jersey Spill: None of the components are listed.
New Jersey Toxic Catastrophe Prevention Act: None of the components are listed.
New York Acutely Hazardous Substances: The following components are listed:
Toluene; Xylene (mixed); Benzene,1-methylethyl-; Ethylbenzene; Benzene;
Hexane;Benzene, hexahydro-
New York Toxic Chemical Release Reporting: None of the components are listed.
Pennsylvania RTK Hazardous Substances: The following components are listed:
GASOLINE; BENZENE, METHYL-; PENTANE, 3-METHYL-; BENZENE, DIMETHYL-;
OCTANE; DENATURED ALCOHOL; PSEUDOCUMENE; HEPTANE; PENTANE;
BENZENE, (1-METHYLETHYL)-; BENZENE, ETHYL-; BENZENE;
HEXANE;CYCLOHEXANE
Rhode Island Hazardous Substances: None of the components are listed.
California Prop. 65
WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other
reproductive harm.
Ingredient name Cancer Reproductive No significant risk Maximum
level acceptable dosage
level
Toluene No. Yes. No. 7000 g/day
(ingestion)
13000 g/day
(inhalation)
Ethylbenzene Yes. No. No. No.
Benzene Yes. Yes. 6.4 g/day (ingestion) 24 g/day (ingestion)
13 g/day (inhalation) 49 g/day (inhalation)
Canada
: Class B-2: Flammable liquid
WHMIS (Canada)
Class D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects (Very toxic).
Class D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects (Toxic).
CEPA DSL & NDSL: All materials are either listed or exempt
EU regulations
Hazard symbol or symbols
: R12- Extremely flammable.
Risk phrases
R45- May cause cancer.
R46- May cause heritable genetic damage.
R63- Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
R20/21- Also harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.
R48/20/21/22- Also harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R38- Irritating to skin.
R51/53- Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic
environment.
S53- Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Safety phrases :
S2- Keep out of the reach of children.
S29- Do not empty into drains.
S36/37- Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
S46- If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
S61- Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
Continued on next page
Unleaded Gasoline Page: 16/17
Section 16. Other Information
: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. FLAMMABLE. VAPOR MAY CAUSE
Label requirements
FLASH FIRE. CAUSES SKIN IRRITATION. MAY BE HARMFUL IF ABSORBED
THROUGH SKIN OR IF SWALLOWED. CONTAINS MATERIAL THAT CAN CAUSE
TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE. CANCER HAZARD - CONTAINS MATERIAL WHICH CAN
CAUSE CANCER.
1
Hazardous Material : Health
Information System (U.S.A.)
3
Fire hazard
0
Physical Hazard
Personal
protection
National Fire Protection :
3 Flammability
Association (U.S.A.)
Health 1 0 Instability
Specific hazard
Date of printing : 1/5/2010.
: 1/5/2010.
Date of issue
:2
Version
Disclaimer
THIS MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET ("MSDS") WAS PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH 29 CFR 1910.1200 BY
VALERO MARKETING & SUPPLY CO., ("VALERO"). VALERO DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF
PRODUCT USE BY OTHERS. THE INFORMATION, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND SUGGESTIONS PRESENTED IN
THIS MSDS ARE BASED UPON TEST RESULTS AND DATA BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. THE END USER OF THE
PRODUCT HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR EVALUATING THE ADEQUACY OF THE DATA UNDER THE CONDITIONS
OF USE, DETERMINING THE SAFETY, TOXICITY, AND SUITABILITY OF THE PRODUCT UNDER THESE
CONDITIONS, AND OBTAINING ADDITIONAL OR CLARIFYING INFORMATION WHERE UNCERTAINTY EXISTS. NO
GUARANTEE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED IS MADE AS TO THE EFFECTS OF SUCH USE, THE RESULTS TO BE
OBTAINED, OR THE SAFETY AND TOXICITY OF THE PRODUCT IN ANY SPECIFIC APPLICATION. FURTHERMORE,
THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS NOT REPRESENTED AS ABSOLUTELY COMPLETE, SINCE IT IS NOT PRACTICABLE
TO PROVIDE ALL THE SCIENTIFIC AND STUDY INFORMATION IN THE FORMAT OF THIS DOCUMENT, PLUS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE NECESSARY UNDER EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS OF USE, OR BECAUSE OF
APPLICABLE LAWS OR GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS.
Definitions of Material Safety Data Sheet Terminology
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND PRIVATE ASSOCIATIONS
ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, (private association)
DOT - United States Department of Transportation
EPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, (private association)
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association, (private association)
MSHA - Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
NIOSH - National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NTP - National Toxicology Program, (private association)
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
WHMIS- Workplace Hazardous Material Information System
CSA- Canadian Standards Association
HAZARD AND EXPOSURE INFORMATION
Continued on next page
Unleaded Gasoline Page: 17/17
Acute Hazard - An adverse health effect which occurs rapidly as a result of short term exposure.
CAS # - American Chemical Society's Chemical Abstract service registry number which identifies the product and/or
ingredients.
Ceiling - The concentration that should not be exceeded during any part of the working exposure
Chronic Hazard - An adverse health effect which generally occurs as a result of long term exposure or short term
exposure with delayed health effects and is of long duration
Fire Hazard - A material that poses a physical hazard by being flammable, combustible, phyrophoric or an oxidizer as
defined by 29 CFR 1910.1200
Hazard Class - DOT hazard classification
Hazardous Ingredients - Names of ingredients which have been identified as health hazards
IDLH- Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health, the airborne concentration below which a person can escape without
respiratory protection and exposure up to 30 minutes, and not suffer debilitating or irreversible health effects. Established
by NIOSH.
mg/m3 - Milligrams of contaminant per cubic meter of air, a mass to volume ratio
N/A - Not available or no relevant information found
NA - Not applicable
PEL - OSHA permissible exposure limit; an action level of one half this value may be applicable
ppm - Part per million (one volume of vapor or gas in one million volumes of air)
Pressure Hazard - A material that poses a physical hazard due to the potential of a sudden release of pressure such as
explosive or a compressed gas as defined by 29 CFR 1910.1200
Reactive Hazard - A material that poses a physical hazard due to the potential to become unstable reactive, water reactive
or that is an organic peroxide as defined by 29 CFR 1910.1200.
STEL - The ACGIH Short-Term Exposure Limit, a 15-minute Time-Weighted Average exposure which should not be
exceeded at any time during a workday, even if the 8-hour TWA is less than the TLV.
TLV - ACGIH Threshold Limit Value, represented herein as an 8-hour TWA concentration.
8-hour TWA - The time weighted average concentration for a normal 8-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek, to which
nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse effect.
LD50 ?Single dose of a substance that, when administered by a defined route in an animal assay, is expected to cause the
death of 50% of the defined animal population.
LC50 - The concentration of a substance in air that, when administered by means of inhalation over a specified length of
time in an animal assay, is expected to cause the death of 50% of a defined animal population.
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