Inco?Tonimet 97
Hazardous Ingredients
Hazardous Calculated
PEL1 mg/m3 TLV1,2 璵g/m3
C.A.S. No
Ingredients Composition
Nickel (Ni) 97-97.2 7440-02-0 1 1.5*
Cobalt (Co) 1.0-1.6 7440-48-4 0.05 0.05
Inco Copper (Cu) 0.1-0.2 7440-50-8 1 1
Iron (Fe) 0.4-0.7 7439-89-6 1 1
Silicates (eg. ?? 12627-13-3 n.av. n.av.
Material Ca,Mg,Al)
*As inhalable fraction
Physical Data
Safety Granules -- compact (20mmD x 10mmH)
Specific Sol. In H20
Ingredient Mol. Wt. m.p.癈 b.p.癈
Gravity g/100ml
Data Ni 58.71 8.9 1453 2732 0
Co 58.931 8.9 1495 2900 0
Sheet Cu 63.54 8.9 1083 2595 0
Fe 55.847 7.86 1535 3000 0
Silicates n.av. n.av. n.av. n.av. n.av.
(Ca,Mg,Al)
Fire or Explosion Hazard
None.
Health Hazards
Nickel
LD50 ORAL RAT >9000 mg/kg
Inhalation: The National Toxicology Program has listed nickel as reasonably
anticipated to be a carcinogen based on the production of
injection-site tumors. The International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC) found there was inadequate evidence that metallic
nickel is carcinogenic to humans but since there was sufficient
evidence that it is carcinogenic to animals, IARC concluded that
metallic nickel is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Epidemiological studies of workers exposed to nickel powder and
to dust and fume generated in the production of nickel alloys and
of stainless steel have not indicated the presence of a significant
respiratory cancer hazard.
The inhalation of nickel powder has not resulted in an increased
incidence of malignant lung tumors in rodents.
Repeated intratracheal instillation of nickel powder produced an
increased incidence of malignant lung tumors in rats. Repeated
intratracheal instillation of nickel powder did not produce an
increased incidence of malignant lung tumors in hamsters when
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administered at the maximum tolerated dose. Single intratracheal
instillations of nickel powder in hamsters at doses near the LD50
produced an increased incidence of fibrosarcomas,
mesotheliomas and rhabdomyosarcomas.
Inhalation of nickel powder at concentrations 15 times the PEL
irritated the respiratory tract in rodents.
In 1997, the ACGIH proposed elemental nickel be classified: A5
"Not Suspected as a Human Carcinogen."
Inco Skin Contact: Prolonged and intimate contact with metallic nickel may cause
irritation to the skin and nickel sensitivity which may result in
allergic skin rashes.
Material One case has been reported of asthma induced by external
exposure to a nickel-containing skin clip and by skin contact with
nickel.
Safety Wounds: Nickel metal powder has caused tumors at the site of injection in
rodents. However, studies do not suggest a significant risk for
humans from nickel-containing prostheses.
Ingestion: The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Data (NIOSH) concluded there is no evidence that nickel and its
inorganic compounds are carcinogenic when ingested. The U.S.
Food and Drug Administration has affirmed that nickel is generally
recognized as safe (GRAS) as a direct human food ingredient.
Sheet Preexisting
Conditions: Prolonged and intimate skin contact can cause an allergic skin
rash in previously sensitized individuals.
Cobalt
LD50 ORAL RAT: 7000 mg/kg
Inhalation: Asthmatic symptoms and pulmonary fibrosis occurring in the
tungsten carbide industry may be related to the inhalation of
metallic cobalt dust. Evidence of polycythemia (an increase in the
total red cell mass of the blood in the body) and altered thyroid,
kidney and liver function have also been found.
Excessive doses of metallic cobalt have produced cardiac
changes in miniature swine.
Skin Contact: Repeated contact with metallic cobalt can cause cobalt sensitivity
and allergic skin rashes.
Wounds: Cobalt powders have caused tumors at the site of injection in
rodents. However, studies of cobalt containing prostheses do not
suggest a significant risk for humans.
Preexisting
Conditions: Sensitized individuals may experience an allergic skin rash and/or
asthma.
Copper
Inhalation: Copper metal dust and fume may be irritating to the respiratory
tract. In user operations where copper fume is generated,
inhalation of the fume can result in symptoms of metal fume fever
such as chills, fever and sweating.
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Skin Contact: A few instances of allergic skin rashes have been reported in
workers exposed to metallic copper.
Eye Contact: Copper metal as a foreign body in the eye can provoke an
inflammatory reaction resulting in pus formation in the conjunctiva,
cornea or sclera.
The lowest observed toxic oral dose of copper (TDLo) is 120 礸/kg
Ingestion:
in humans. This dose caused gastrointestinal effects.
Inco Preexisting
Conditions: Wilson's disease can occur in certain individuals with a rare
inherited metabolic disorder characterized by retention of
excessive amounts of copper in the liver, brain, kidneys and
Material corneas. These deposits eventually lead to tissue necrosis and
fibrosis, causing a variety of clinical effects, especially liver,
(i.e. hepatic) disease and neurologic changes. Wilson's disease is
progressive and, if untreated, leads to fatal liver (i.e. hepatic)
Safety failure.
Iron
LD50 ORAL RAT 30 gm/kg
Eye Contact: Prolonged eye contact with the metal dust could cause rust-brown
Data coloured spots forming around the particles and if left for several
years, permanent damage could result.
Silicates (Ca, Mg, Al)
Sheet No information found.
Precautions for Safe Storage, Handling and Use
Do not inhale dust. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure
to airborne contaminants below the exposure limits. If ventilation alone cannot so control exposure,
use NIOSH-approved respirators selected according to OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134. Maintain airborne
nickel levels as low as possible.
Avoid repeated skin contact. Wear suitable gloves. Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Launder
clothing and gloves as needed.
Do not store near acids or reactive substances. Like other metals, nickel can react with acids to
liberate hydrogen gas which can form explosive mixtures in air. Like other metal powders, nickel
powder can react explosively or incandescently with substances such as ammonium nitrate,
perchlorates, phosphorous, selenium, sulfur, etc.
Under special conditions nickel can react with carbon monoxide in reducing atmospheres to form
nickel carbonyl, Ni(CO)4, a toxic gas.
Spill, Leak and Disposal Procedure
Collect spills by wet sweeping or by vacuuming with the vacuum exhaust passing through a high
efficiency particulate arresting (HEPA) filter if the exhaust is discharged into the workplace.
Wear appropriate NIOSH-approved respirators if collection and disposal of spills is likely to cause
the concentration of airborne contaminants to exceed the exposure limits.
Metal-containing waste is normally collected to recover metal values. Should waste disposal be
deemed necessary follow EPA and local regulations.
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Emergency and First Aid Procedures
If exposure to nickel carbonyl is suspected, seek medical attention immediately. For skin rashes,
seek medical attention. Cleanse wounds thoroughly to remove any particles.
INCO LIMITED
Japan Branch
Shin-Muromachi Building
4-3, Nihonbashi-Muromachi 2-chome
Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103
Japan
Inco (81) 3 3245-0621
Material Note:
Inco believes that the information in this Material Safety Data Sheet is accurate. However, Inco
makes no express or implied warranty as to the accuracy of such information and expressly
disclaims any liability resulting from reliance on such information.
Footnotes:
Safety 1 OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit
2 Threshold Limit Value of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.
Data 3 Describes possible health hazards of the product supplied. If user operations change it to other
chemical forms, whether as end products, intermediates or fugitive emissions, the possible health
hazards of such forms must be determined by the user.
Sheet
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