NFPA RATING
FLAMMABILITY
3
0
1
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET HEALTH REACTIVITY
to U.S. OSHA, CMA, ANSI and Canadian WHMIS Standards
Prepared
OTHER
PART I What is the material and what do I need to know in an emergency?
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
HEXANE AND ISOMERS
CHEMICAL NAME; CLASS:
Document Number: Hexane
MIXTURE DESCRIPTION: Hexane (all isomers)
PRODUCT USE: For general analytical/synthetic chemical uses.
MESA Specialty Gases & Equipment, Inc.
SUPPLIER/MANUFACTURER'S NAME:
ADDRESS: 3619 Pendleton Avenue, Suite C
Santa Ana, CA 92704
BUSINESS PHONE: 1-714-434-7102
EMERGENCY PHONE: INFOTRAC: 1-800-535-5053
DATE OF PREPARATION: May 10, 1999
2. COMPOSITION and INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
This product consists of one of the following hexane isomers:
CHEMICAL NAME CAS # mole % EXPOSURE LIMITS IN AIR
ACGIH OSHA
TLV STEL PEL STEL IDLH OTHER
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm
n-Hexane 110-54-3 100 50 NE 500 NE 1100 NIOSH REL: 50
50 (Vacated DFG MAK: 50
1989 PEL)
Neohexane 75-83-2 100 500 1000 NE NIOSH REL: 100
500 (Vacated 1000 (Vacated TWA: 510,C (15 min)
(2,2-
1989 PEL) 1989 PEL) DFG MAK: 200
Dimethylbutane)
Isohexane 107-83-5 100 500 1000 NE NE NE NIOSH REL: 100
TWA: 510,C (15 min)
(2-Methylpentane)
DFG MAK: 200
2,3-Dimethylbutane 79-29-8 100 500 1000 NE NE NE NIOSH REL: 100
TWA: 510,C (15 min)
DFG MAK: 200
NE = Not Established C = Ceiling Limit See Section 16 for Definitions of Terms Used
NOTE: All WHMIS required information is included. It is located in appropriate sections based on the ANSI Z400.1-1993 format.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 1 OF 10
3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Hexane and its isomers are colorless, flammable liquids with a gasoline-like odor.
Inhalation of the vapors of Hexane and its isomers can cause central nervous system depression, producing symptoms
such as headaches, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, and unconsciousness. Inhalation of high concentrations
of the vapors of Hexane and its isomers may be fatal. Vapors of Hexane and its isomers are heavier than air and may
spread long distances. Distant ignition and flashback are possible. Emergency responders must wear the proper
personal protective equipment (and have appropriate fire-suppression equipment) suitable for the situation to which they
are responding.
SYMPTOMS OF OVEREXPOSURE BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE: The
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INFORMATION
most significant routes of occupational overexposure is by inhalation and
SYSTEM
skin and eye contact. The symptoms of overexposure to the Hexane
isomers by route of exposure are as follows:
HEALTH 1
(BLUE)
INHALATION: Inhalation of any of the Hexane isomers' vapors can
cause irritation of the mucous membranes. Inhalation of high
concentrations of the vapors, as may occur if Hexane and its isomers
are used or released in a poorly ventilated area or confined space (or
FLAMMABILITY
during a release of large volumes of Hexane and its isomers), may be 3
(RED)
fatal. Effects of such exposure to specific Hexane isomers can be
summarized as follows:
EFFECTS OF OVER-EXPOSURES TO n-HEXANE:
REACTIVITY (YELLOW) 0
CONCENTRATION OBSERVED EFFECT
Brief (10 minute) at 1,500 ppm: Irritation of the respiratory tract,
nausea and headache.
5000 ppm: Dizziness and drowsiness can occur. PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT C
Long term at 500 ppm: Can affect the nerves in the arms
and legs. Effects include numbing or
EYES HANDS BODY
RESPIRATORY
tingling sensations in the fingers and
toes, tiredness, muscle weakness,
cramps and spasms in the leg, See See
difficulty in holding objects or Section 8 Section 8
walking, abdominal pains, loss of
appetite, weight loss, cold pulsation For routine industrial applications
See Section 16 for Definition of Ratings
in extremities, blurred vision
anorexia. More serious exposures can cause damage to the nerves in the hands and
feet (peripheral neuropathy).
Eyes and Vision: Abnormal color perception and pigment changes in the eyes have been reported among
industrial workers exposed to 423-1280 ppm for 5 years or more.
Blood Cells: Mild forms of anemia have also been associated with exposure to hexane. These are of
temporary nature.
EFFECTS OF OVER-EXPOSURES TO ISOHEXANE, NEOHEXANE, 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE:
CONCENTRATION OBSERVED EFFECT
Greater than 1000 ppm: Irritation of the respiratory tract, slight nausea ,headache, dizziness and
lightheadedness. Unconsciousness and death are possible at very high concentrations.
CONTACT WITH SKIN or EYES: High concentrations of any of the Hexane isomers vapors can be irritating to the
eyes, especially for n-Hexane and Isohexane. Contact of the liquid with the eyes may cause redness and pain.
Direct contact with the skin (especially after prolonged overexposure) can cause irritation. Prolonged or repeated
skin overexposures can cause dermatitis. Contact with liquefied gas escaping from its high pressure cylinder may
cause freezing of the eye. Permanent eye damage or blindness could result.
SKIN ABSORPTION: Skin absorption is not a significant route of overexposure for Hexane and its isomers.
INGESTION: Ingestion is not anticipated to be a significant route of overexposure for any of the hexane isomers. If
Hexane and its isomers are swallowed, symptoms of such exposure can include nausea, swelling of the abdomen,
headache, and depression.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 2 OF 10
3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION (Continued)
INGESTION (continued): A significant hazard associated with ingestion of Hexane and its isomers is via aspiration;
aspiration of this material into the lungs can cause severe lung irritation and tissue damage, which can result in the
development of chemical pneumonia or pulmonary edema (which are potentially fatal conditions).
INJECTION: Injection is not anticipated to be a significant route of overexposure for Hexane and its isomers. If
Hexane and its isomers are "injected" (as may occur through punctures by contaminated, sharp objects), local
swelling and irritation can occur.
OTHER POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS: Contact with liquid or rapidly expanding gases (which are released under high
pressure) may cause frostbite. Symptoms of frostbite include change in skin color to white or grayish-yellow. The pain
after such contact can quickly subside.
HEALTH EFFECTS OR RISKS FROM EXPOSURE: An Explanation in Lay Terms.
ACUTE:
For the any of the Hexane isomers: Inhalation of any of the Hexane isomers' vapors can cause headaches, nausea,
dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, and unconsciousness. Inhalation of high concentrations of the vapors can be fatal.
Contamination of skin or eyes can be irritating. Ingestion of large volumes of any of the Hexane isomers can be harmful or
fatal.
CHRONIC:
For Isohexane, Neohexane, and 2,3-Dimethylbutane: Prolonged or repeated skin overexposures can cause
dermatitis. These Hexane isomers do not appear to cause destruction of cells of the nervous system (peripheral
neuropathy). Neohexane may cause weak cardiac sensitization in animal studies.
For n-Hexane: Abnormal color perception and pigment changes in the eyes have been reported among persons
exposed to 420 -1300 ppm for five years. Additionally, long-term exposure at 500 ppm or lower can affect the nerves
in the arms and legs. Effects include numbing or tingling sensation, tiredness, cramps, spasms in legs, difficulty
holding objects or walking, loss of appetite and weight loss. More serious exposures can cause damage to the
nerves in hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy). Prolonged or repeated skin overexposures can cause dermatitis.
TARGET ORGANS: Skin, eyes, central nervous system.
PART II What should I do if a hazardous situation occurs?
4. FIRST-AID MEASURES
SKIN EXPOSURE: If the product contaminates the skin, immediately begin decontamination with running water. Minimum
flushing is for 15 minutes. Remove exposed or contaminated clothing, taking care not to contaminate eyes. Victim must
seek medical attention if any adverse reaction occurs.
EYE EXPOSURE: If the liquid or vapors of Hexane and its isomers enter the eyes, open victim's eyes while under gentle
running water. Use sufficient force to open eyelids. Have victim "roll" eyes. Minimum flushing is for 15 minutes. Victim
must seek immediate medical attention.
INHALATION: If vapors, mists, or sprays of Hexane and its isomers are inhaled, remove victim to fresh air. If necessary,
use artificial respiration to support vital functions. Remove or cover gross contamination to avoid exposure to rescuers.
INGESTION: If Hexane and its isomers are swallowed, CALL PHYSICIAN OR POISON CONTROL CENTER FOR MOST
CURRENT INFORMATION. If professional advice is not available, do not induce vomiting. Victim should drink milk, egg
whites, or large quantities of water. If vomiting occurs naturally, have victim lean forward to reduce risk of aspiration. Never
induce vomiting or give diluents (milk or water) to someone who is unconscious, having convulsions, or who cannot
swallow.
Victims of chemical exposure must be taken for medical attention. Rescuers should be taken for medical attention, if
necessary. Take copy of label and MSDS to health professional with victim.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
FLASH POINT: For Hexane: -22癈 (-7.6癋)
For Isohexane: -32癈 (-26癋)
For Neohexane: -48癈 (-54癋)
For 2,3-Dimethylbutane: -29癈 (-20癋)
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 3 OF 10
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES (Continued)
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: For Hexane: 225癈 (437癋)
For Isohexane: 264癈 (507癋)
NFPA RATING
For Neohexane: 425癈 (797癋)
FLAMMABILITY
For 2,3-Dimethylbutane: 405癈 (761癋)
FLAMMABLE LIMITS (in air by volume, %):
3
For Hexane:
Lower (LEL): 1.1% 0
1
HEALTH REACTIVITY
Upper (UEL): 7.5%
For Isohexane, Neohexane, 2,3-Dimethybutane:
Lower (LEL): 1.2%
Upper (UEL): 7.0%
OTHER
FIRE EXTINGUISHING MATERIALS:
See Section 16 for Definition of Ratings
Water Spray: YES (for cooling only) Carbon Dioxide: YES
Foam: YES Dry Chemical: YES
Halon: YES Other: Any "B" Class.
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: This is a Class IB flammable liquid. When involved in a fire, this material
may decompose and produce toxic gases (including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide). The vapors of Hexane and its
isomers are heavier than air and may spread long distances; distant ignition and flashback are possible. Hexane and its
isomers can float on water; therefore, water contaminated with Hexane and its isomers can spread the flammable liquid and
can spread fire.
Explosion Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: Not sensitive.
Explosion Sensitivity to Static Discharge: Static discharge may cause Hexane and its isomers to ignite.
SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Structural firefighters must wear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus and full
protective equipment. Incipient fire responders should wear eye protection. Move fire-exposed cylinders if it can be done
without risk to firefighters. Water spray can be used to cool fire-exposed containers. Water fog or spray can also be used
by trained firefighters to disperse the vapors of Hexane and its isomers and to protect personnel. Stop the leak or
discharge, if possible. For small releases, if it is not possible to stop the leak, and it does not endanger personnel, let the
fire burn itself out. If this product is involved in a fire, fire runoff water should be contained to prevent possible
environmental damage.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
SPILL AND LEAK RESPONSE: Uncontrolled releases should be responded to by trained personnel using
pre-planned procedures. Proper protective equipment should be used. In case of a release, clear the affected area,
protect people, and respond with trained personnel.
In the event of a non-incidental release, minimum Personal Protective Equipment should be Level B: triple-gloves
(rubber gloves and nitrile gloves, over latex gloves), chemical resistant suit and boots, hard-hat, and Self-
Contained Breathing Apparatus. Monitor the surrounding area for combustible vapor levels and oxygen. Combustible
vapor concentration must also be below 10% of the LEL (LEL = 1.1% for n-Hexane) prior to entry. The atmosphere must
have at least 19.5 percent oxygen before personnel can be allowed in the area without Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
and other protective equipment.
Eliminate all sources of ignition before clean-up operations begin. Use non-sparking tools. Absorb spilled liquid with
activated carbon, polypads or other suitable absorbent materials. Prevent material from entering sewer or confined
spaces. Decontaminate the area thoroughly. Place all spill residue in an appropriate container and seal. Dispose of
in accordance with Federal, State, and local hazardous waste disposal regulations (see Section 13, Disposal
Considerations).
PART III How can I prevent hazardous situations from occurring?
7. HANDLING and STORAGE
WORK PRACTICES AND HYGIENE PRACTICES: As with all chemicals, avoid getting Hexane and its isomers ON
YOU or IN YOU. Wash hands after handling chemicals. Do not eat or drink while handling chemicals. Remove
contaminated clothing immediately.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 4 OF 10
7. HANDLING and STORAGE (Continued)
STORAGE AND HANDLING PRACTICES: All employees who handle this material should be trained to handle it safely.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists generated by Hexane and its isomers. Use in a well-ventilated location. Cylinders of
Hexane and its isomers must be properly labeled. If Hexane and its isomers are used in other types of containers, only use
portable containers and dispensing equipment (faucet, pump, drip can) approved for flammable liquids. Post "NO
SMOKING" signs, where appropriate in storage and use areas.
Store cylinders of Hexane and its isomers in a cool, dry location, away from direct sunlight, sources of intense heat, or
where freezing is possible. Do not allow area where cylinders are stored to exceed 52癈 (125癋). Material should be
stored in secondary containers, or in a diked area, as appropriate. Store containers away from incompatible chemicals.
Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Storage areas should be made of fire-resistant materials. Inspect all
incoming containers before storage, to ensure containers are properly labeled and not damaged.
Empty containers may contain residual flammable liquid or vapors. Therefore, empty containers should be handled with
care. Do not expose "empty" containers to welding touches, or any other source of ignition.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING CYLINDERS: Protect cylinders of Hexane and its isomers against physical
damage. If appropriate, cylinders should be stored in an up-right position. Cylinders should be firmly secured to prevent
falling or being knocked over. Cylinders can be stored in the open, but in such cases, should be protected against
extremes of weather and from the dampness of the ground to prevent rusting. Never tamper with pressure relief devices in
valves and cylinders. Electrical equipment should be non-sparking or explosion proof. The following rules are applicable to
situations in which cylinders are being used:
Before Use: If appropriate, move cylinders with a suitable hand truck. Do not drag, slide, or roll cylinders. Do not drop
cylinders or permit them to strike each other. Secure cylinders firmly. Leave the valve protection cap in-place until cylinder
is ready for use.
During Use: Use designated CGA fittings and other support equipment. Do not use adapters. Do not heat cylinder by
any means to increase the discharge rate of the product from the cylinder. Use check valve or trap in discharge line to
prevent hazardous backflow into the cylinder. Do not use oils or grease on gas-handling fittings or equipment.
After Use: Close main cylinder valve. Replace valve protection cap. Mark empty cylinders "EMPTY".
NOTE: Use only DOT or ASME code containers. Earth-ground and bond all lines and equipment associated with Hexane
and its isomers. Close valve after each use and when empty. Cylinders must not be recharged except by or with the
consent of owner. For additional information refer to the Compressed Gas Association Bulletin SB-2 "Oxygen Deficient
Atmospheres".
PROTECTIVE PRACTICES DURING MAINTENANCE OF CONTAMINATED EQUIPMENT: Follow practices
indicated in Section 6 (Accidental Release Measures). Make certain application equipment is locked and tagged-out
safely. Always use Hexane and its isomers in areas where adequate ventilation is provided. Decontaminate
equipment using soapy water before maintenance begins. Collect all rinsates and dispose of according to applicable
Federal, State, or local procedures.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS - PERSONAL PROTECTION
VENTILATION AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Use with adequate ventilation. Use a mechanical fan or vent area to
outside. Where appropriate, use a non-sparking, grounded ventilation system separate from other exhaust ventilation
systems. Ensure eyewash/safety shower stations are available near areas where Hexane and its isomers are used.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Maintain airborne contaminant concentrations below guidelines listed in Section 2
(Composition and Information on Ingredients), if applicable. If respiratory protection is needed, use only protection
authorized in 29 CFR 1910.134, or applicable State regulations. Use supplied air respiration protection if oxygen levels are
below 19.5%. For additional information, the following recommendations for respiratory protection are from NIOSH for n-
Hexane are provided.
NIOSH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR n-HEXANE CONCENTRATIONS IN AIR:
Up to 500 ppm:
Supplied Air Respirator (SAR)
Up to 1100 ppm:
SAR operated in a continuous flow mode; or full-facepiece Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA);
or full-facepiece SAR.
EMERGENCY OR PLANNED ENTRY INTO UNKNOWN CONCENTRATIONS OR IDLH CONDITIONS: Positive
pressure, full-facepiece SCBA; or positive pressure, full-facepiece SAR with an auxiliary positive
pressure Self Contained Breathing Apparatus.
ESCAPE: Gas mask with organic vapor canister; or escape-type Self Contained Breathing Apparatus.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 5 OF 10
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS - PERSONAL PROTECTION (Continued)
EYE PROTECTION: Splash goggles or safety glasses.
HAND PROTECTION: Wear Nitrile or Viton gloves for routine industrial use. (Note: Butyl Rubber, Natural Rubber, or
Polyvinylchloride gloves are not recommended). Use triple gloves for spill response, as stated in Section 6 (Accidental
Release Measures) of this MSDS.
BODY PROTECTION: Use body protection appropriate for task. Coveralls, chemical resistant boots, and other body
protection may be appropriate, depending on the operation in which Hexane and its isomers are used.
9. PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
The following information is for n-Hexane:
VAPOR DENSITY (air = 1): 2.97 pH: Not applicable.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY(water = 1): 0.66 FREEZING/MELTING POINT: -95癈 (-139癋)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Insoluble. BOILING POINT: 69癈 (156癋)
EVAPORATION RATE: Not available. ODOR THRESHOLD: 64-244 ppm.
EXPANSION RATIO: Not applicable. SPECIFIC VOLUME: Not applicable.
LOG COEFFICIENT WATER/OIL DISTRIBUTION: Not available. VAPOR PRESSURE @ 20癈: 124 mm Hg
The following information is for Isohexane:
VAPOR DENSITY (air = 1): 2.97 pH: Not applicable.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY(water = 1): 0.65 FREEZING/MELTING POINT: -153癈 (-243癋)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Insoluble. BOILING POINT: 60癈 (140癋)
EVAPORATION RATE: Not available. ODOR THRESHOLD: Not available.
EXPANSION RATIO: Not applicable. SPECIFIC VOLUME: Not applicable.
LOG COEFFICIENT WATER/OIL DISTRIBUTION: Not available. VAPOR PRESSURE @ 41癈: 400 mm Hg
The following information is for Neohexane:
VAPOR DENSITY (air = 1): 2.97 pH: Not applicable.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY(water = 1): 0.65 FREEZING/MELTING POINT: -100癈 (-148癋)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Insoluble. BOILING POINT: 50癈 (122癋)
EVAPORATION RATE: Not available. ODOR THRESHOLD: Not available.
EXPANSION RATIO: Not applicable. SPECIFIC VOLUME: Not applicable.
LOG COEFFICIENT WATER/OIL DISTRIBUTION: Not available. VAPOR PRESSURE @ 31癈: 400 mm Hg
The following information is for 2,3-Dimethylbutane:
VAPOR DENSITY (air = 1): 3.0 pH: Not applicable.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY(water = 1): 0.662 FREEZING/MELTING POINT: -129癈 (-200癋)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Insoluble. BOILING POINT: 50癈 (122癋)
EVAPORATION RATE: Not available. ODOR THRESHOLD: Not available.
EXPANSION RATIO: Not applicable. SPECIFIC VOLUME: Not applicable.
LOG COEFFICIENT WATER/OIL DISTRIBUTION: Not available. VAPOR PRESSURE @ 31癈: 400 mm Hg
The following information is pertinent to all forms of Hexane and its isomers.
APPEARANCE AND COLOR: Clear, colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor.
HOW TO DETECT THIS SUBSTANCE (warning properties): The odor may be a distinctive characteristic of Hexane and
its isomers.
10. STABILITY and REACTIVITY
STABILITY: Stable at standard temperatures and pressures.
DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Products of thermal decomposition include carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
MATERIALS WITH WHICH SUBSTANCE IS INCOMPATIBLE: Hexane and its isomers are incompatible with strong
oxidizing agents.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur.
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Contact with incompatible materials and exposure to heat, sparks, and other sources of ignition.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 6 OF 10
PART III How can I prevent hazardous situations from occurring?
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
TOXICITY DATA: The following toxicology data are for the Hexane and its isomers.
n-HEXANE: n-HEXANE (Continued): 2-METHYLPENTANE (ISOHEXANE):
Eye, rabbit = 10 mg/ mild DERMAL (rabbit): 2 to 5 ml/kg for 4 Isohexane is probably similar in
TCLo (inhalation, rat) = 10,000 ppm/7 hr. hours resulted in restlessness and toxicity to other related
TCLo (inhalation, rat) = 5000 ppm/20 discoordination,; death occurred at 5 hydrocarbons. Toxicity by most
hours; teratogenic effects ml/kg. routes of exposure is probably
LD50 (oral, rat) = 28710 mg/kg relatively low.
CHRONIC INHALATION (rat): 400-600
LDLo (intraperitoneal, rat ) = 9100 mg/kg NEOHEXANE
ppm, 5 days/week, peripheral
LCLo (inhalation, mouse) = 120,000
(2,2,-DIMETHYLBUTANE):
neuropathy in 45 days; 850 ppm for
mg/kg
Currently, there is no toxicological
143 days, loss of weight and
LD50 (rat, oral): 28,710 mg/kg
information available for this
degeneration of the sciatic nerve.
compound.
ACUTE INHALATION (mouse): 30,000 (mouse): 250 ppm, peripheral
ppm, narcosis within 30 to 60 minutes; neuropathy within 7 months; no 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE:
35,000-40,000 ppm, convulsions and effects at 100 ppm. Currently, there is no toxicological
death. information available for this
compound.
SUSPECTED CANCER AGENT: None of the Hexane isomers are found on the following lists: FEDERAL OSHA Z LIST,
NTP, IARC, or CAL/OSHA, and are therefore neither considered to be nor suspected to be cancer-causing agents by these
agencies.
IRRITANCY OF PRODUCT: The liquid or vapors of Hexane and its isomers can be irritating to contaminated tissue.
SENSITIZATION OF PRODUCT: None of the Hexane isomers are sensitizers.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY INFORMATION: Listed below is information concerning the effects of Hexane and its
isomers on the human reproductive system.
Mutagenicity: Hexane and its isomers are not expected to cause mutagenic effects in humans. Animal mutation data is
available for n-Hexane obtained during clinical studies on specific animal tissues exposed to high doses of
this compound.
Embryotoxicity: Hexane and its isomers are not expected to cause embryotoxic effects in humans.
Teratogenicity: Hexane and its isomers are not expected to cause teratogenic effects in humans. Studies on test animals
exposed to relatively high doses of n-Hexane indicate teratogenic effects.
Reproductive Toxicity: Hexane and its isomers are not expected to cause adverse reproductive effects in humans. Clinical
studies on test animals exposed to relatively high doses of n-Hexane indicate adverse reproductive effects.
A mutagen is a chemical which causes permanent changes to genetic material (DNA) such that the changes will propagate
through generational lines. An embryotoxin is a chemical which causes damage to a developing embryo (i.e. within the first
eight weeks of pregnancy in humans), but the damage does not propagate across generational lines. A teratogen is a
chemical which causes damage to a developing fetus, but the damage does not propagate across generational lines. A
reproductive toxin is any substance which interferes in any way with the reproductive process.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE: Acute or chronic respiratory conditions, central nervous system
conditions, eye disorders, or skin problems may be aggravated by overexposure to Hexane and its isomers.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO PHYSICIANS: Treat symptoms and eliminate exposure.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDICES: Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) associated with Hexane isomers are as follows:
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDICES (BEIs) for Hexane are as follows:
CHEMICAL SAMPLING TIME BEI
DETERMINANT
n-HEXANE
?2,5-Hexanedione in urine ?End of shift ?5 mg/g creatinine
?n-Hexane in end-exhaled air ?Refer to current TLV list.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 7 OF 10
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ALL WORK PRACTICES MUST BE AIMED AT ELIMINATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION.
ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY: The components of this material will be degraded over time into other organic
compounds. The following environmental data are available for n-Hexane:
n-HEXANE: Log Kow = 3.90-4.11. Water Solubility = 9.5 mg/L. Estimated Bioconcentration Factor =2.24 and 2.89. Bioconcentration in aquatic
organisms is low. Hexane is volatile. Rapid volatilization from water and soil is anticipated for this compound. Hexane will float in slick on
surface of the water.
EFFECT OF MATERIAL ON PLANTS or ANIMALS: Hexane and its isomers may be harmful or fatal to contaminated plant
and animal-life (especially if large quantities of Hexane and its isomers are released). Refer to section 11 (Toxicological
Information) for additional information on effects on animals. Additional plant toxicity data are available for n-Hexane as
follows:
n-HEXANE: n-HEXANE (continued):
(giant kelp) = 10 mg/L, little or no effect on photosynthesis EC50 photosynthesis (green algae) = 12.8 mg/L, 3 hours
EC50 photosynthesis (diatom) = 0.3 mg/L, 8 hours EC50 photosynthesis (green algae) = 206 mg/L, 3 hours
EC50 photosynthesis (green algae) = 8.1 mg/L, 3 hours EC50 photosynthesis (green algae) = 114 mg/L
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ON AQUATIC LIFE: Hexane and its isomers can be harmful or fatal to contaminated aquatic
plant and animal life. This material floats on water, and can potentially form slicks which are capable of creating oxygen-
deprived waterways and severely contaminate coastal and shore life. Additional aquatic toxicity data for n-Hexane are
available as follows:
n-HEXANE: n-HEXANE (continued):
LC50 (water flea) = GT50 mg/L, 24 hours LC50 (catfish) = 4.34 mg/L, 96 hours
LC50 (silver or golden orfe) = 4480 mg/L LC50 (fathead minnow) = 5.10 mg/L, 96 hours
LC50 (silver or golden orfe) = 150-210 mg/L LC50 (goldfish) = 5.82 mg/L, 96 hours
LC50 (goldfish) = 4 mg/L, 24 hours LC50 (mosquito fish) = mg/L, 96 hours
3
LC50 (daphnia) = 45 mmol/m , 48 hours LC50 (rainbow trout) = 4.14 mg/L, 96 hours
LC50 (daphnia) = 4.59 mg/L, 96 hours LC50 (bluegill) 4.12 mg/L, 96 hours
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
PREPARING WASTES FOR DISPOSAL: Waste disposal must be in accordance with appropriate Federal, State, and local
regulations. Return cylinders with residual product to MESA Specialty Gas & Equipment, Inc. Do not dispose of locally.
14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
THIS MATERIAL IS HAZARDOUS AS DEFINED BY 49 CFR 172.101 BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION.
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Hexanes
HAZARD CLASS NUMBER and DESCRIPTION: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
UN IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: UN 1208
PACKING GROUP: PG II
DOT LABEL(S) REQUIRED: Flammable Liquid
NORTH AMERICAN EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK NUMBER (1996): 128
MARINE POLLUTANT: Hexane and its isomers are not classified by the DOT as Marine Pollutants (as defined by 49 CFR
172.101, Appendix B).
TRANSPORT CANADA, TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS: THIS MATERIAL IS
CONSIDERED AS DANGEROUS GOODS. Use the above information for the preparation of Canadian Shipments.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
U.S. SARA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS: Hexane is subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 302, 304 and
313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, as follows:
COMPONENT SARA 302 SARA 304 SARA 313
(40 CFR 355, Appendix A) (40 CFR Table 302.4) (40 CFR 372.65)
Hexane NO YES YES
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 8 OF 10
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION (Continued)
U.S. SARA THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY: Not applicable.
U.S. CERCLA REPORTABLE QUANTITY (RQ): n-Hexane = 5000 lb.
CANADIAN DSL/NDSL INVENTORY STATUS: All Hexanes are on the DSL Inventory.
U.S. TSCA INVENTORY STATUS: All Hexanes are listed on the TSCA Inventory.
OTHER U.S. FEDERAL REGULATIONS: n-Hexane is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 112(r) of the Clean
Air Act. The Threshold Quantity for this liquid is 10,000 lb. Depending on specific operations involving the use of n-
Hexane, the regulations of the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals may be applicable (29 CFR
1910.119). Under this regulation the Hexanes are not listed in Appendix A; however, any process that involves a
flammable liquid on-site, in one location, in quantities of 10,000 lb (4,553 kg) or greater is covered under this regulation
unless it is used as a fuel.
U.S. STATE REGULATORY INFORMATION: Hexane and its isomers are covered under specific State regulations, as
denoted below:
Alaska - Designated Toxic and Hazardous Michigan - Critical Materials Register: No. Pennsylvania - Hazardous Substance List:
2-Methylpentane, Hexane, 2,3-
Substances: n-Hexane. Minnesota - List of Hazardous Substances:
Dimethylbutane,2,2-Dimethylbutane.
Hexane, other isomers, n-Hexane.
California - Permissible Exposure Limits
Rhode Island - Hazardous Substance List:
Missouri - Employer Information/Toxic
for Chemical Contaminants: n-Hexane.
Hexane.
Substance List n-Hexane.
Florida - Substance List: Isohexane, n-
Texas - Hazardous Substance List: n-
Hexane, 2,3-Dimethylbutane, 2,2- New Jersey - Right to Know Hazardous
Hexane.
Dimethylbutane. Substance List: n-Hexane, 2,3-
West Virginia - Hazardous Substance List:
Illinois - Toxic Substance List: n-Hexane. Dimethylbutane, Neohexane.
n-Hexane.
Kansas - Section 302/313 List: No. North Dakota - List of Hazardous
Wisconsin - Toxic and Hazardous
Massachusetts - Substance List: Isohexane, n- Chemicals, Reportable Quantities:
Substances: n-Hexane.
Hexane, 2,3-Dimethylbutane, 2,2- No.
Dimethylbutane.
CALIFORNIA SAFE DRINKING WATER AND TOXIC ENFORCEMENT ACT (PROPOSITION 65): Hexane and its
isomers are not on the California Proposition 65 Lists.
LABELING: WARNING! FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT MAY
DRY SKIN AND CAUSE IRRITATION. CAN CAUSE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS. CAN CAUSE DEATH IF
TOO MUCH IS BREATHED. ASPIRATION HAZARD IF SWALLOWED - CAN ENTER LUNGS AND CAUSE DAMAGE.
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Keep container closed. Use only with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with
skin and clothing. Avoid exposure to vapor. Wash thoroughly after handling. FIRST-AID: In case of contact, immediately
flush skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention if irritation develops or
persists. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If
swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Get medical attention. IN CASE OF FIRE: Use water fog, foam, dry chemical, or CO2.
IN CASE OF SPILL: Absorb spill with inert materials (e.g. activated carbon, dry sand). Place residual in appropriate
container and seal. Consult Material Safety Data Sheet for additional information.
CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS: Class B2: Flammable Liquid
Class D2B: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects
16. OTHER INFORMATION
PREPARED BY: CHEMICAL SAFETY ASSOCIATES, Inc.
9163 Chesapeake Drive, San Diego, CA 92123-1002
619/565-0302
The information contained herein is based on data considered accurate. However, no warranty is expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of
these data or the results to be obtained from the use thereof. MESA Specialty Gases & Equipment, Inc. assumes no responsibility for injury to the
vendee or third persons proximately caused by the material if reasonable safety procedures are not adhered to as stipulated in the data sheet.
Additionally, MESA Specialty Gases & Equipment, Inc. assumes no responsibility for injury to vendee or third persons proximately caused by
abnormal use of the material even if reasonable safety procedures are followed. Furthermore, vendee assumes the risk in his use of the material.
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
PAGE 9 OF 10
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
A large number of abbreviations and acronyms appear on a MSDS. Some of these which are commonly used include the following:
CAS #: This is the Chemical Abstract Service Number which uniquely identifies each constituent. It is used for computer-related searching.
EXPOSURE LIMITS IN AIR: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (Continued):
Flammability Hazard and Reactivity Hazard: Refer to definitions for
ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, a
"Hazardous Materials Identification System".
professional association which establishes exposure limits. TLV -
Threshold Limit Value - an airborne concentration of a substance which
FLAMMABILITY LIMITS IN AIR:
represents conditions under which it is generally believed that nearly all
Much of the information related to fire and explosion is derived from the
workers may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effect. The duration
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Flash Point - Minimum
must be considered, including the 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA),
temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable
the 15-minute Short Term Exposure Limit, and the instantaneous Ceiling
mixture with air. Autoignition Temperature: The minimum temperature
Level (C). Skin absorption effects must also be considered.
required to initiate combustion in air with no other source of ignition. LEL -
OSHA - U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. PEL -
the lowest percent of vapor in air, by volume, that will explode or ignite in
Permissible Exposure Limit - This exposure value means exactly the same
the presence of an ignition source. UEL - the highest percent of vapor in air,
as a TLV, except that it is enforceable by OSHA. The OSHA Permissible
by volume, that will explode or ignite in the presence of an ignition source.
Exposure Limits are based in the 1989 PELs and the June, 1993 Air
Contaminants Rule (Federal Register: 58: 35338-35351 and 58: 40191).
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION:
Both the current PELs and the vacated PELs are indicated. The phrase,
Possible health hazards as derived from human data, animal studies, or
"Vacated 1989 PEL," is placed next to the PEL which was vacated by Court
from the results of studies with similar compounds are presented.
Order.
Definitions of some terms used in this section are: LD50 - Lethal Dose
IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health - This level represents a
(solids & liquids) which kills 50% of the exposed animals; LC50 - Lethal
concentration from which one can escape within 30-minutes without
Concentration (gases) which kills 50% of the exposed animals; ppm
suffering escape-preventing or permanent injury. The DFG - MAK is the
concentration expressed in parts of material per million parts of air or water;
Republic of Germany's Maximum Exposure Level, similar to the U.S. PEL.
mg/m3 concentration expressed in weight of substance per volume of air;
NIOSH is the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, which is
mg/kg quantity of material, by weight, administered to a test subject, based
the research arm of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
on their body weight in kg. Data from several sources are used to evaluate
(OSHA). NIOSH issues exposure guidelines called Recommended
the cancer-causing potential of the material. The sources are: IARC - the
Exposure Levels (RELs). When no exposure guidelines are established,
International Agency for Research on Cancer; NTP - the National
an entry of NE is made for reference.
Toxicology Program, RTECS - the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical
Substances, OSHA and CAL/OSHA. IARC and NTP rate chemicals on a
HAZARD RATINGS:
scale of decreasing potential to cause human cancer with rankings from 1
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM: Health Hazard: 0
to 4. Subrankings (2A, 2B, etc.) are also used. Other measures of toxicity
(minimal acute or chronic exposure hazard); 1 (slight acute or chronic
include TDLo, the lowest dose to cause a symptom and TCLo the lowest
exposure hazard); 2 (moderate acute or significant chronic exposure
concentration to cause a symptom; TDo, LDLo, and LDo, or TC, TCo,
hazard); 3 (severe acute exposure hazard; onetime overexposure can result
LCLo, and LCo, the lowest dose (or concentration) to cause lethal or toxic
in permanent injury and may be fatal); 4 (extreme acute exposure hazard;
effects. BEI - Biological Exposure Indices, represent the levels of
onetime overexposure can be fatal). Flammability Hazard: 0 (minimal
determinants which are most likely to be observed in specimens collected
hazard); 1 (materials that require substantial pre-heating before burning); 2
from a healthy worker who has been exposed to chemicals to the same
(combustible liquid or solids; liquids with a flash point of 38-93癈 [100-
extent as a worker with inhalation exposure to the TLV. Ecological
200癋]); 3 (Class IB and IC flammable liquids with flash points below 38癈 Information: EC is the effect concentration in water.
[100癋]); 4 (Class IA flammable liquids with flash points below 23癈 [73癋]
REGULATORY INFORMATION:
and boiling points below 38癈 [100癋]. Reactivity Hazard: 0 (normally
This section explains the impact of various laws and regulations on the
stable); 1 (material that can become unstable at elevated temperatures or
material. EPA is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. WHMIS is the
which can react slightly with water); 2 (materials that are unstable but do not
Canadian Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. DOT and
detonate or which can react violently with water); 3 (materials that can
TC are the U.S. Department of Transportation and the Transport Canada,
detonate when initiated or which can react explosively with water); 4
(materials that can detonate at normal temperatures or pressures). respectively. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA); the
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION: Health Hazard: 0 Canadian Domestic/Non-Domestic Substances List (DSL/NDSL); the U.S.
(material that on exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA); Marine Pollutant status according to
beyond that of ordinary combustible materials); 1 (materials that on the DOT; the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
exposure under fire conditions could cause irritation or minor residual and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund); and various state regulations.
injury); 2 (materials that on intense or continued exposure under fire
conditions could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury);
3 (materials that can on short exposure could cause serious temporary or
residual injury); 4 (materials that under very short exposure causes death
or major residual injury).
HEXANE (AND ISOMERS) MSDS
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