WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 1 of 14
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
SYNONYMS
"MIG wire", "gas metal arc-welding electrode", GMAW, AS2717.1, "GMAW wire for
medium strength steels"
PRODUCT USE
Consumable electrode for gas metal arc welding on high strength steels. Used
under shielding gas, typically argon, CO2 or mixtures.
SUPPLIER
Company: Welding Industries Of Australia
Address:
5 Allen Street
Melrose Park
SA, 5039
AUS
Telephone: +61 8 8276 6494
Telephone: 1300 300 884
Fax: 1300 301 884
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. NON-DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the
Criteria of NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK
Inhalation and/or ingestion may produce health damage*.
Cumulative effects may result following exposure*.
May produce discomfort of the respiratory system*.
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect*.
continued...
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 2 of 14
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
May affect fertility*.
* (limited evidence).
SAFETY
Keep container in a well ventilated place.
Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
welding wire which upon use generates
(with CO2 shield gas)
welding fumes Not avail.
as
iron oxide fume 1309-37-1 >60
nickel fume 7440-02-0 <1
manganese fume 7439-96-5 <1
silica welding fumes 69012-64-2 <1
copper fume 7440-50-8 <0.1
action of arc may produce
ozone 10028-15-6
nitrogen oxides Mixture
Note: Fume composition may vary depending
on the shielding gas used.
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
Not normally a hazard due to the physical form of product. The material is a
physical irritant to the gastro-intestinal tract.
EYE
?Particulate bodies from welding spatter may be removed carefully.
?DO NOT attempt to remove particles attached to or embedded in eye.
?Lay victim down, on stretcher if available and pad BOTH eyes, make sure
dressing does not press on the injured eye by placing thick pads under dressing,
above and below the eye.
?Seek urgent medical assistance, or transport to hospital.
?For "arc eye", i.e. welding flash or UV light burns to the eye:
?Place eye pads or light clean dressings over both eyes.
?Seek medical assistance.
SKIN
If skin or hair contact occurs:
?Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
?Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
INHALED
?If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
?Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
?Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed,
where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
?Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve
resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if
necessary.
continued...
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 3 of 14
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
?Transport to hospital, or doctor.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Copper, magnesium, aluminium, antimony, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc (and their
compounds) in welding, brazing, galvanising or smelting operations all give rise
to thermally produced particulates of smaller dimension than may be produced if
the metals are divided mechanically. Where insufficient ventilation or
respiratory protection is available these particulates may produce "metal fume
fever" in workers from an acute or long term exposure.
?Onset occurs in 4-6 hours generally on the evening following exposure.
Tolerance develops in workers but may be lost over the weekend. (Monday Morning
Fever)
?Pulmonary function tests may indicate reduced lung volumes, small airway
obstruction and decreased carbon monoxide diffusing capacity but these
abnormalities resolve after several months.
?Although mildly elevated urinary levels of heavy metal may occur they do not
correlate with clinical effects.
?The general approach to treatment is recognition of the disease, supportive
care and prevention of exposure.
?Seriously symptomatic patients should receive chest x-rays, have arterial
blood gases determined and be observed for the development of tracheobronchitis
and pulmonary edema.
[Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology].
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
?There is no restriction on the type of extinguisher which may be used.
FIRE FIGHTING
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves for fire only.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water
courses.
?Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area.
?DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
?Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
?If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
?Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
?Non combustible.
?Not considered a significant fire risk, however containers may burn.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Welding electrodes should not be allowed to come into contact with strong acids
or other substances which are corrosive to metals.
HAZCHEM
None
Personal Protective Equipment
Breathing apparatus.
continued...
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 4 of 14
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
Clean up all spills immediately.
Wear impervious gloves and safety glasses.
Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
Place in suitable containers for disposal.
MAJOR SPILLS
Minor hazard.
?Clear area of personnel.
?Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
?Control personal contact by using protective equipment if risk of overexposure
exists.
?Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water
courses.
?Contain spill/secure load if safe to do so.
?Bundle/collect recoverable product and label for recycling.
?Collect remaining product and place in appropriate containers for disposal.
?Clean up/sweep up area. Water may be required.
?If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all
individuals could be exposed for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
iron oxide fume 500 mg/m?br>
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could
impair an individual's ability to take protective action is:
iron oxide fume 25 mg/m?br>
other than mild, transient adverse effects
without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
iron oxide fume 15 mg/m?br>
The threshold concentration below which most people.
will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
iron oxide fume 10 mg/m?br>
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
___________________________________________
+ + + + + +
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WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 5 of 14
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
___________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
X: Must not be stored together
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
Earth all lines and equipment.
?Limit all unnecessary personal contact.
?Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
?Use in a well-ventilated area.
?Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
?When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
?Keep containers securely sealed when not in use.
?Avoid physical damage to containers.
?Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
?Work clothes should be laundered separately.
?Use good occupational work practice.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
?Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards
to ensure safe working conditions are maintained.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Packaging as recommended by manufacturer.
spools
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Segregate from strong acids.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
?Store in original containers.
?Keep containers securely sealed.
?Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
?Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
?Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
?Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak
ppm mg/m? ppm m5/m? ppm mg/m?br>
_________________________ ________________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Australia Exposure iron oxide fume 5
Standards
Australia Exposure iron oxide fume 10
Standards
Australia Exposure nickel fume 1
Standards
Australia Exposure manganese fume 1 3
Standards
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WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 6 of 14
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Source Material TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak
ppm mg/m? ppm m5/m? ppm mg/m?br>
_________________________ ________________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Australia Exposure manganese fume 1
Standards
Australia Exposure copper fume 1
Standards
Australia Exposure copper fume 0.2
Standards
Australia Exposure ozone 0.1 0.2
Standards
The following materials had no OELs on our record under the following CAS or Chemwatch (CW) numbers
WIA AUSTMIG NiCrMo: No data available for CW:63551
welding fumes: No data available for CW:35201
manganese fume: No data available for CAS:7439-96-5
silica welding fumes: No data available for CAS:69012-64-2
copper fume: No data available for CAS:7440-50-8
nitrogen oxides: No data available for
Mixture: No data available for
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Original IDLH Original IDLH Revised IDLH Value Revised IDLH Value
Value (ppm) Value (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (ppm)
iron oxide fume N.E. N.E. 2,500
nickel fume N.E. N.E. 10
manganese fume N.E. N.E. 500
copper fume N.E. N.E. 100
ozone 10 5
None assigned. Refer to individual constituents.
INGREDIENT DATA
WELDING FUMES:
In addition to complying with any individual exposure standards for specific
contaminants, where current manual welding processes are used, the fume
concentration inside the welder's helmet should not exceed 5 mg/m? when
collected in accordance with the appropriate standard (AS 3640, for example).
ES* TWA: 5 mg/m?br>
TLV* TWA: 5 mg/m? B2 (a substance of variable composition)
OES* TWA: 5 mg/m?br>
Most welding, even with primitive ventilation, does not produce exposures inside
the welding helmet above 5 mg/m? That which does should be controlled (ACGIH).
Inspirable dust concentrations in a workers breathing zone shall be collected
and measured in accordance with AS 3640, for example. Metal content can be
analytically determined by OSHA Method ID25 (ICP-AES) after total digestion of
filters and dissolution of captured metals. Sampling of the Respirable Dust
fraction requires cyclone separator devices (elutriators) and procedures to
comply with AS 2985 (for example).
IRON OXIDE FUME:
ES* TWA: 5 mg/m?(as Fe in fumes and gases from welding and cutting)
TLV* TWA: 5 mg/m?(as Fe) A4
NOTE: This substance has been classified by the ACGIH as A4 NOT classifiable as
causing Cancer in humans.
OES* TWA: 5 mg/m? STEL: 10 mg/m?(as Fe)
continued...
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 7 of 14
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
NICKEL FUME:
TLV* TWA: 1.5 mg/m? A5 (as Ni elemental)
NOTE: This substance has been classified by the ACGIH as A5 NOT suspected of
causing Cancer in humans.
ES* TWA: 1 mg/m?Sensitiser (Under review)
NOTE: Detector tubes for nickel, measuring in excess of 0.25 mg/m?(as Ni),
are commercially available.
MANGANESE FUME:
ES* TWA: 1 mg/m?STEL: 3 mg/m?br>
OES* TWA: 1 mg/m? STEL: 3 mg/m?(as Mn)
SILICA WELDING FUMES:
Not available. Refer to individual constituents.
COPPER FUME:
IDLH Level: 100 mg/m?br>
OZONE:
NOTE: Detector tubes for ozone, measuring in excess of 0.05 ppm, are
commercially available.
Exposure at 0.2 ppm appears to produce mild acute but not cumulative
effects. It is thought that exposures of the order of 0.1 ppm will be
tolerated by most workers including asthmatics. Chronic exposure at
0.1 ppm or more can induce significant adverse effects in the lower
respiratory tract of both normal and atopic individuals.
Human exposure for 2 hours at an average concentration of 1.5 ppm ozone
resulted in a 20% reduction in timed vital capacity of the lung and other
effects. Concentrations of ozone in excess of a few tenths ppm cause
occasional discomfort to exposed individuals manifest as headache, dryness
of the throat and mucous membranes of the eyes and nose following
exposures of short duration.
Exposure to ozone during moderate to heavy work loads results in
significantly decreased forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory
volume in one second (FEV1) at 0.12 ppm; this is effect is greater at
higher concentrations.
NITROGEN OXIDES:
Data for nitrogen dioxide:
TLV TWA: 3 ppm 6 mg/m? STEL: 5 ppm 10 mg/m?br>
ES TWA: 3 ppm 5.6 mg/m? STEL: 5 ppm 9.4 mg/m?br>
IDLH Level: 50 ppm
NOTE: Detector tubes for nitrogen dioxide, measuring in excess of 0.5 ppm,
are commercially available.
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
Welding helmet with suitable filter. Welding hand shield with suitable filter.
?Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens
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WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 8 of 14
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
or restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This
should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of
chemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid
personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be
readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begin eye irrigation
immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be
removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed
in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
For most open welding/brazing operations, goggles, even with appropriate
filters, will not afford sufficient facial protection for operators. Where
possible use welding helmets or handshields corresponding to AS 1336 and AS 1338
which provide the maximum possible facial protection from flying particles and
fragments. [WRIA-WTIA Technical Note 7].
HANDS/FEET
Welding Gloves
Safety footwear.
OTHER
Overalls.
?Eyewash unit.
Aprons, sleeves, shoulder covers, leggings or spats of pliable flame resistant
leather or other suitable materials may also be required in positions where
these areas of the body will encounter hot metal.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
For gas welding and cutting operations the nature of ventilation is determined
by the location of the work.
?For outdoor work, natural ventilation is generally sufficient.
?For indoor work, conducted in either open or limited spaces , use mechanical
(general exhaust or plenum) ventilation . (Open work spaces exceed 300 cubic
metres per welder)
?For work conducted in confined spaces, mechanical ventilation, using local
exhaust systems, is required. (In confined spaces always check that oxygen has
not been depleted by excessive rusting of steel or snowflake corrosion of
aluminium)
Mechanical or local exhaust ventilation may not be required where the process
working time does not exceed 24 mins. (in an 8 hr. shift) provided the work is
intermittent (a maximum of 5 mins. every hour). Local exhaust systems must be
designed to provide a minimum capture velocity at the fume source, away from the
worker, of 0.5 metre/sec.
If risk of inhalation or overexposure exists, wear SAA approved respirator or
work in fume hood.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Copper coated solid low alloy steel wire. No odour. Insoluble in water.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Does not mix with water.
Sinks in water.
Molecular Weight: Not applicable. Boiling Range (?Not applicable
C):
Melting Range (?>1500
C): Specific Gravity (water=1): >7
Solubility in water (g/L): Immiscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
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WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 9 of 14
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
pH (1% solution): Not applicable. Vapour Pressure (kPa): Not applicable
Volatile Component (%vol): Not applicable Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not available. Flash Point (?Not applicable
C):
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable
Autoignition Temp (?Not applicable
C): Decomposition Temp (?Not available.
C):
State: Manufactured
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
?Presence of incompatible materials.
?Product is considered stable.
?Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
Not normally a hazard due to physical form of product.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.
EYE
Fumes from welding/brazing operations may be irritating to the eyes.
SKIN
Skin contact does not normally present a hazard, though it is always possible
that occasionally individuals may be found who react to substances usually
regarded as inert.
INHALED
Regular exposure to nickel fume, as the oxide, may result in "metal fume fever"
a sometimes debilitating upper respiratory tract condition resembling influenza.
Symptoms include malaise, fever, weakness, nausea and may appear quickly if
operations occur in closed or poorly ventilated areas. Pulmonary oedema,
pulmonary fibrosis and asthma has been reported in welders using nickel alloys;
level of exposure are generally not available and case reports are often
confounded by mixed exposures to other agents.
Inhalation of freshly formed metal oxide particles sized below 1.5 microns and
generally between 0.02 to 0.05 microns may result in "metal fume fever".
Symptoms may be delayed for up to 12 hours and begin with the sudden onset of
thirst, and a sweet, metallic or foul taste in the mouth. Other symptoms include
upper respiratory tract irritation accompanied by coughing and a dryness of the
mucous membranes, lassitude and a generalised feeling of malaise. Mild to severe
headache, nausea, occasional vomiting, fever or chills, exaggerated mental
activity, profuse sweating, diarrhoea, excessive urination and prostration may
also occur. Tolerance to the fumes develops rapidly, but is quickly lost. All
symptoms usually subside within 24-36 hours following removal from exposure.
Harmful levels of ozone may be found when working in confined spaces. Symptoms
of exposure include irritation of the upper membranes of the respiratory tract
and lungs as well as pulmonary (lung) changes including irritation, accumulation
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WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 10 of 14
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
of fluid (congestion and oedema) and in some cases haemorrhage. Exposure may
aggravate any pre-existing lung condition such as bronchitis, asthma or
emphysema.
Shielding gases may act as simple asphyxiants if significant levels are allowed
to accumulate. Oxygen monitoring may be necessary.
Effects on lungs are significantly enhanced in the presence of respirable
particles.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Principal route of exposure is inhalation of welding fumes from electrodes and
workpiece. Reaction products arising from electrode core and flux appear as
welding fume depending on welding conditions, relative volatilities of metal
oxides and any coatings on the workpiece. Studies of lung cancer among welders
indicate that they may experience a 30-40% increased risk compared to the
general population. Since smoking and exposure to other cancer-causing agents,
such as asbestos fibre, may influence these results, it is not clear whether
welding, in fact, represents a significant lung cancer risk. Whilst mild steel
welding represents little risk, the stainless steel welder, exposed to chromium
and nickel fume, may be at risk and it is this factor which may account for the
overall increase in lung cancer incidence among welders. Cold isolated
electrodes are relatively harmless. Welding fume with high levels of ferrous
materials may lead to particle deposition in the lungs (siderosis) after long
exposure. This clears up when exposure stops. Chronic exposure to iron dusts may
lead to eye disorders. severe disorders of the nervous system, has been reported
in welders working on Mn steels in confined spaces. Ozone is suspected to
produce lung cancer in laboratory animals; no reports of this effect have been
documented in exposed human populations. Other welding process exposures can
arise from radiant energy UV flash burns, thermal burns or electric shock The
welding arc emits ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths that have the potential
to produce skin tumours in animals and in over-exposed individuals, however, no
confirmatory studies of this effect in welders have been reported.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
Not available. Refer to individual constituents.
MATERIAL CARCINOGEN SENSITISER SKIN REPROTOXIN
______________________________ ____________ __________ __________ __________
iron oxide fume IARC:Group
3: Not
classifiable
as to
"carcinogenic
ity" to
humans
nickel fume IARC:Group AUOEL ILOM ILOEl
2B: Possibly
carcinogenic
to humans
NTPB
manganese fume ILOM ILOEl
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
Carcinogens: iron oxide fume Category: Group 3: Not classifiable
as to carcinogenicity to humans
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
Carcinogens: nickel fume Category: Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic
to humans
CARCINOGEN
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
NTPB: US National Toxicology Program (NTP) 11th Report Part B.
Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen: nickel fume
Category:
SENSITISER
AUOEL: Australia Exposure Standards - Sensitisers: nickel fume
REPROTOXIN
ILOM: ILO Agents toxic to the male reproductive system: nickel fume
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic
effects on reproduction: nickel fume
REPROTOXIN
ILOM: ILO Agents toxic to the male reproductive system: manganese
fume
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic
effects on reproduction: manganese fume
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
No data for WIA AUSTMIG NiCrMo.
Refer to data for ingredients, which follows:
SILICA WELDING FUMES:
No data
COPPER FUME:
The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is
less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l
* Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment)
Appendix 8, Table 1
Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards:
1993 Commission of the European Communities.
Copper is unlikely to accumulate in the atmosphere due to a short residence time
for airborne copper aerosols. Airborne coppers, however, may be transported over
large distances. Copper accumulates significantly in the food chain.
Drinking Water Standards:
3000 ug/l (UK max)
2000 ug/l (WHO provisional Guideline)
1000 ug/l (WHO level where individuals complain)
Soil Guidelines: Dutch Criteria
36 mg/kg (target)
190 mg/kg (intervention)
Air Quality Standards: no data available.
The toxic effect of copper in the aquatic biota depends on the bio-availability
of copper in water which, in turn, depends on its physico-chemical form
(ie.speciation). Bioavailability is decreased by complexation and adsorption of
copper by natural organic matter, iron and manganese hydrated oxides, and
chelating agents excreted by algae and other aquatic organisms. Toxicity is also
affected by pH and hardness. Total copper is rarely useful as a predictor of
toxicity. In natural sea water, more than 98% of copper is organically bound and
in river waters a high percentage is often organically bound, but the actual
percentage depends on the river water and its pH.
Copper exhibits significant toxicity in some aquatic organisms. Some algal
species are very sensitive to copper with EC50 (96 hour) values as low as 47
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ug/litre dissolved copper whilst for other algal species EC50 values of up to
481 ug/litre have been reported. However many of the reportedly high EC50 values
may arise in experiments conducted with a culture media containing
copper-complexing agents such as silicate, iron, manganese and EDTA which reduce
bioavailability.
Toxic effects arising following exposure by aquatic species to copper are
typically:
Algae EC50 Daphnia Amphipods Gastropods Crab larvae
(96 h) magna LC50 LC50 (48-96 LC50 (48-96 LC50 (48-96
(48-96 h) h) h) h)
47-481 * 7-54 * 37-183 * 58-112 * 50-100 *
* ug/litre
Exposure to concentrations ranging from one to a few hundred micrograms per
litre has led to sublethal effects and effects on long-term survival. For high
bioavailability waters, effect concentrations for several sensitive species may
be below 10 ug Cu/litre.
In fish, the acute lethal concentration of copper ranges from a few ug/litre to
several mg/litre, depending both on test species and exposure conditions. Where
the value is less than 50 ug Cu/litre, test waters generally have a low
dissolved organic carbon (DOC) level, low hardness and neutral to slightly
acidic pH. Exposure to concentrations ranging from one to a few hundred
micrograms per litre has led to sublethal effects and effects on long-term
survival. Lower effect concentrations are generally associated with test waters
of high bioavailability.
In summary:
TABLE BORDER>RESPONSES EXPECTED FOR HIGH CONCENTRATION RANGES OF COPPER *<
/TABLE
Total dissolved Cu concentration range Effects of high availability in water
(ug/litre)
1-10 Significant effects are expected for
diatoms and sensitive "invertebrates "
notably cladocerans. Effects on fish
could be significant in freshwaters
with low pH and hardness.
10-100 Significant effects are expected on
various species of "microalgae " some
species of "macroalgae " and a range
of "invertebrates " including
"crustaceans " gastropods and sea
urchins. Survival of sensitive fish
will be affected and a variety of fish
show sublethal effects.
100-1000 Most taxonomic groups of macroalgae
and invertebrates will be severely
affected. Lethal levels for most fish
species will be reached.
>1000 Lethal concentrations for most
tolerant organisms are reached.
* Sites chosen have moderate to high bioavailability similar to water used in
most toxicity tests.
In soil, copper levels are raised by application of fertiliser, fungicides, from
deposition of highway dusts and from urban, mining and industrial sources.
Generally, vegetation rooted in soils reflects the soil copper levels in its
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
foliage. This is dependent upon the bioavailability of copper and the
physiological requirements of species concerned.
Typical foliar levels of copper are:
Uncontaminated soils Contaminated soils Mining/smelting soils
(0.3-250 mg/kg) (150-450 mg/kg)
6.1-25 mg/kg 80 mg/kg 300 mg/kg
Plants rarely show symptoms of toxicity or of adverse growth effects at normal
soil concentrations of copper. Crops are often more sensitive to copper than the
native flora, so protection levels for agricultural crops range from 25 mg Cu/kg
to several hundred mg/kg, depending on country. Chronic and or acute effects on
sensitive species occur at copper levels occurring in some soils as a result of
human activities such as copper fertiliser addition, and addition of sludge.
When soil levels exceed 150 mg Cu/kg, native and agricultural species show
chronic effects. Soils in the range 500-1000 mg Cu/kg act in a strongly
selective fashion allowing the survival of only copper-tolerant species and
strains. At 2000 Cu mg/kg most species cannot survive. By 3500 mg Cu/kg areas
are largely devoid of vegetation cover. The organic content of the soil appears
to be a key factor affecting the bioavailability of copper.
On normal forest soils, non-rooted plants such as mosses and lichens show higher
copper concentrations. The fruiting bodies and mycorrhizal sheaths of soil fungi
associated with higher plants in forests often accumulate copper to much higher
levels than plants at the same site. International Programme on Chemical Safety
(IPCS): Environmental Health Criteria 200.
OZONE:
The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is
less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l
* Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment)
Appendix 8, Table 1
Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards:
1993 Commission of the European Communities.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
?Recycle wherever possible or consult manufacturer for recycling options.
?Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
?Bury residue in an authorised landfill.
?Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorised landfill.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
HAZCHEM
None
NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS:UN,IATA,IMDG
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
continued...
WIA AUSTMIG NICRMO
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006 CHEMWATCH 63551
C317SC CD 2006/2 Page 14 of 14
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
REGULATIONS
welding fumes (CAS No:Not avail):
No regulations applicable
iron oxide fume (CAS: 1309-37-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume
List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
nickel fume (CAS: 7440-02-0) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Western Australia Hazardous Substances Prohibited for Specified Uses
or Methods of Handling
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
manganese fume (CAS: 7439-96-5) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
silica welding fumes (CAS: 69012-64-2) is found on the following regulatory
lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
copper fume (CAS: 7440-50-8) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
No data available for welding fumes as CAS: Not avail.
No data available for ozone as CAS: 10028-15-6.
No data available for nitrogen oxides as CAS: Mixture.
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of
private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted under the Copyright
Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from
CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 30-Mar-2006
Print Date: 10-Jul-2006
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