12
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
SOLID LOW ALLOY WIRE
ELECTRODES & RODS
Inhalation
If breathing is difficult, bring the patient in fresh air; breathe in fresh air deeply.
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY DESIGNATION
For skin burns
Product Name: LOW ALLOY WELDING WIRES AND RODS
Submerge affected area in cold water until burning sensation ceases and refer
Product Brands: Afrox
for immediate medical attention.
Product Specification: AWS/ASME SFA 5.28, EN 440
For eye effects such as arc eye and dusts
Product Classification: ER70, ER80, ER90, ER100, ER110, ER120 and their
Irrigate eye with sterile water, cover with damp dressing and refer for
variants. G2Mo
immediate medical attention if irritation persists.
Recommended use: Gas Shielded Arc Welding of HSLA Steels
Ingestion
Supplier: Afrox
Ingestion is considered unlikely due to product form. However, if swallowed
Address: P.O. Box 207, Germiston, 1400
do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. Advice to doctor: treat
Telephone number: 0860 020202
symptomatically.
Telefax: (011) 821 3066
Electric shock
If necessary resuscitate and seek immediate medical attention.
2. DETAILS OF COMPOSITION
These products consist of a solid Low Alloy wire, either continuously wound 5. FIRE PREVENTION MEASURES
on reels, spools or in bulk packs, or supplied in straight cut lengths. Specific No specific measures required for the welding consumable prior to welding.
details of the composition of the main wires and rod types covered by this data During welding
sheet are given below. Welding should not be carried out in the presence of flammable materials,
vapours, tanks, cisterns and pipes and other containers which have held
TABLE 1: COMPOSITION DATA (WT %) flammable substances unless these have been checked and certified safe.
AWS Fe C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other
Classification (max)
6. MEASURES IN CASE OF UNINTENTIONAL RELEASE
EN 440 G2Mo 97.5 0.09 1.2 0.6 - - 0.5 Cu 0.12
No specific actions for welding consumable prior to use.
ER 70S-B2L 96.8 0.03 0.6 0.6 1.3 - 0.5 Cu 0.15
Welding in proximity to stored or used halogenated solvents may produce toxic
ER 80S-B2 96.8 0.08 0.6 0.6 1.3 - 0.5 Cu 0.15
and irritant gases. Prohibit welding in areas where these solvents are used.
ER 90S-B3 95 0.08 0.6 0.6 2.5 - 1.0 Cu 0.12
ER 80S-B6 92.5 0.07 0.5 0.4 5.8 - 0.55 Cu 0.12
ER 80S-B8 88.9 0.07 0.5 0.4 9.0 - 1.0 Cu 0.12
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE (FOR SAFETY)
ER 90S-D2 96.8 0.08 1.8 0.7 - - 0.5 Cu 0.12
ER 80S-Ni1 97.0 0.1 1.1 0.6 - 1.0 0.1 Cu 0.2
No special precautions are required for these welding consumables.
ER 80S-Ni2 95.9 0.1 1.0 0.55 - 2.3 - Cu 0.12
Welding wires and rods are dense materials and can give rise to a handling
ER 100/110S-G 95 0.1max 1.8max 0.7max 0.40max 1.6max 0.3max Cu 0.35
hazard when reels, spools, bulk packs or multiple packages are lifted or
V 0.11max
ER 120S-1 94.7 0.07 1.7 0.5 0.1 2.3 0.5 Cu 0.08
handled incorrectly or with poor lifting posture.
Good practice for handling and storage should be adopted to prevent physical
injuries.
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
There are no recognised hazards associated directly with unused welding
8. EXPOSURE PREVENTION/CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
consumables prior to welding. Packaged consumables may be heavy, and
Exposure Prevention
should be handled and stored with care. FOLLOW MANUAL HANDLING
Welders should not touch live electrical parts, and should insulate themselves
REGULATIONS.
from the work and the ground. Manufacturer's guidelines for the use of
Wire wound on reels or spools, or supplied in bulk packages can be coiled
electrical welding machines should be observed at all times.
under tension. Take care to avoid the wire uncoiling rapidly when released.
Welders and co-workers should be educated about health hazards associated
WEAR GLOVES AND EYE PROTECTION.
with welding fume, and trained to keep their heads out of the fume plume.
When using these wires and rods as part of the welding process additional
During welding, fumes and gases will be produced and emitted from the
potential hazards are likely. These are:
welding process. The content of the fume is dependent on the welding
?Electric shock from the welding equipment or electrode. This can be fatal.
consumables and base materials being welded. The amount and concentration
?Hot metal spatter and heat, which can cause burns to the hand and body,
of fume generated is dependent on factors such as current, voltage, welding
and may cause fire if in contact with combustible materials.
practices and number of welders in a given area. By following recommended
?UV, IR and light radiation from the arc, which can produce `arc eye' and
welding practices, fume production can sometimes be minimised.
possible eye damage to unprotected eyes. WEAR SUITABLE
For the stainless steel solid wires and rods covered in this Data Sheet, the main
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
constituents of the fume will be iron, chromium, nickel and manganese, mainly
?Fumes produced from the welding consumable, material being welded,
in the form of complex oxides and silicates. There will also be smaller amounts
and the arc radiation. These consist of:
of other complex metal oxides and silicates.
o Particulate fume such as complex metal oxides, fluorides, and
Gaseous ozone, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are also
silicates from the weld materials
formed by the effect of the arc on the atmosphere and the shielding gas. In
o Gaseous fume such as ozone and nitrogen oxides from the action of
some cases ozone levels can be high and additional controls may be needed.
arc radiation on the atmosphere, and carbon monoxide and dioxide
The shielding gas used will also affect the fume formation rate, and higher
from the oxidation of carbon in the components and from the
levels of particulate fume will be generated as the percentage of carbon dioxide
shielding gas.
and oxygen is increased in the shielding gas.
SHORT TERM INHALATION OF THESE FUMES AND GASES
A summary of typical fume composition data for the common types of solid
MAY LEAD TO IRRITATION OF THE NOSE, THROAT AND
stainless steel wires and rods are given below, and the individual exposure
EYES.
limits for the constituents (when specified) are also given.
LONG TERM OVEREXPOSURE OR INHALATION OF HIGH
Fume exposure should be controlled to below the recognised exposure limit for
LEVELS OF FUMES MAY RESULT IN HARMFUL EFFECTS TO
each of the individual constituents, and to below 5 mgm/m3 for the total
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
particulate fume.
AND LUNGS.
LOCAL EXTRACTION AND /OR VENTILATION SHOULD BE TABLE 2: FUME COMPOSITION DATA (WT %)
USED TO ENSURE THAT ALL HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS IN
Particulate Fume Composition for Fe Mn Cr Ni Mo Cu
THE FUME ARE KEPT BELOW THEIR INDIVIDUAL AWS A5.28 & EN440 type wires
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE STANDARDS IN THE WELDER'S EN 440 G2Mo 55 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
AND OTHER WORKERS' BREATHING ZONES ER 70S-B2L 55 5 0.4 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
NOTE; If welding is performed on plated or coated materials such as ER 80S-B2 55 5 0.4 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
ER 90S-B3 55 5 1.3 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
galvanised steel, excessive fume may be produced which contains additional ER 80S-B6 50 5 3 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
hazardous components, and may result in metal fume fever and other health ER 80S-B8 50 4 6 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
effects. ER 90S-D2 55 10 <0.1 <0.1 <0.5 1.2
ER 80S-Ni1 55 6 <0.1 0.5 <0.1 1.2
ER 80S-Ni2 54 6 <0.1 1.5 <0.1 1.2
4. FIRST AID MEASURES ER 100/110S-G 50 10 1 0.4 <1.5 1.2
ER 120S-1 50 10 1 <2.0 <1.5 1.2
No first aid measures should be required for the unused wire or rod
consumables. During welding:
TABLE 3: HAZARDOUS FUME COMPONENTS
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Welding fume component CAS No. OEL 1 STEL1
There are no stability or reactivity hazards from welding wires and rods as
8hr 15min
supplied.
TWA TWA
Hazardous decomposition products such as metal oxide fumes and gases (see
Total Welding Fume (particulate) 5
Section 8) are produced during welding.
Iron oxide fume (as Fe) 1309-37-1 5
Manganese and its inorganic compounds 7439-96-5 0.5
(as Mn) 11. TOXICITY DATA
Chromium VI compounds (as Cr) 0.05 Welding fumes if inhaled can potentially produce several differing health
Chromium III compounds (as Cr) 0.5 effects caused by the metal containing particles and the gases produced during
Nickel and its inorganic compounds
the welding process, both of which are present in the `fumes'. The exact nature
Water soluble 0.1
of any likely health effect is dependent on the consumable, material being
Water insoluble 0.5
welded, weld process, all of which affect fume quantity and composition, as
Copper Fume 7440-50-8 0.2
well as the use of adequate ventilation, respirators, or breathing equipment as
Molybdenum compounds (as Mo)
soluble 5 circumstances require.
insoluble 10 Inhalation of the fumes/gases produced during welding may lead to irritation to
Nitrogen dioxide 10102-44-0 3ppm 5ppm
the nose throat and eyes. The range of health effects include respiratory effects
Nitrogen monoxide 10102-43-9 25ppm 35ppm
with symptoms such as asthma, impaired respiratory and lung function, chronic
Ozone 10028-15-6 0.2ppm
bronchitis, metal fume fever, pneumoconiosis, possible emphysema and acute
Carbon dioxide 124-38-9 5000ppm 15000ppm
pulmonary oedema.
Carbon monoxide 630-08-0 30ppm 200ppm
Other potential health effects at elevated levels of exposure include central
Units are in mgm/m3, except when stated otherwise
nervous effects possible lung cancer, bone disease, skin and fertility effects.
The fume analyses for the stainless steel wires and rods covered by this data Which of these health effects is potentially likely is related to the fume
sheet, when used for welding clean, uncoated stainless steels of similar composition, and this needs to be consulted with the specific toxicity data
composition, indicate that as long as the 5 mgm/m3 total fume exposure limits below to assess the health risk when using any particular welding process.
are met, fume levels of the other constituents will generally be below their Unprotected skin exposed to UV and IR radiation from the welding arc may
respective exposure limits. burn or redden, and UV radiation is potentially a carcinogen. UV radiation can
The exceptions are manganese, chromium, nickel, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, affect the unprotected eye by producing an acute condition known as `arc eye'.
as these have low exposure limits and additional controls may be required. Specific effects relevant to major particulate and gaseous fume constituents
THE FUME LEVELS GIVEN ABOVE WERE GENERATED UNDER produced when welding with these wires and rods
LABORATORY CONDITIONS WHEN WELDING CLEAN, LOW ALLOY Iron
WIRE UNDER THE MANUFACTURERS RECOMMENDED WELDING One of the main components of fume generated by welding stainless steels is
PARAMETERS, AND ARE INDICATIVE OF REASONABLY EXPECTED iron oxide. Iron oxide is generally considered a nuisance material and unlikely
FUME LEVELS. ACTUAL FUME LEVELS WILL VARY IN PRACTICE, to cause any significant health effects. The fume particles however accumulate
DEPENDING ON THE WELDING PARAMETERS AND OTHER in the lungs and lead to a benign pneumoconiosis called siderosis.
CONDITIONS, AND MAY BE HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE Manganese
LISTED ABOVE. Manganese compounds are also found in stainless steel welding fumes.
Additional fume may arise when these WIRES AND RODS are used to weld Manganese is mainly a systemic chronic toxin, although exposure to high
contaminated base materials, coated or plated steels, other metals and alloys, particulate concentrations can cause some respiratory irritation.
OR WHEN INCORRECT WELDING CONDITIONS ARE USED. Overexposure or inhalation of excessive amounts of manganese has been
THE ONLY ACCURATE WAY TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION shown to affect pulmonary function, blood and may cause irreversible central
AND QUANTITY OF FUMES AND GASES TO WHICH WORKERS ARE nervous system damage (manganism), which resembles Parkinson's disease.
EXPOSED IS TO TAKE AIR SAMPLES FROM INSIDE THE WELDERS Symptoms of manganism include tremors, impaired speech, facial expression
HELMET, IF WORN, OR IN THE WORKER'S BREATHING ZONES. changes, slow clumsy movements and eventually impaired walking. The
Individual fume measurements should be made in these cases using recognised symptoms are typically not apparent for several years.
sampling and analysis standards. Based on the results of these measurements, Chromium
additional fume controls may be required to ensure that all the fume Chromium can exist in differing forms in welding fumes and this can
constituents are controlled below their exposure limits. determine the potential health effects. Chromium can produce respiratory
Controls effects such as nasal ulceration and possible lung cancer. It can also cause
Good general ventilation, and/or local fume extraction at the arc should be used contact skin dermatitis.
to control the fumes and gases produced during welding to below their The most toxic form of chromium is hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), which is
individual recognised exposure limits when measured in the welder's and co- classified as a human carcinogen. The other main form of chromium found in
workers' breathing zone. In addition, the ventilation and extraction should also welding fumes (Cr3+) is considerably less toxic and is not classified as a
be sufficient to ensure that the total particulate fume levels are reduced below carcinogen. Both types of chromium are found in the fume from this product.
5mgm/m3 when measured in the breathing zone. Nickel
In confined spaces where ventilation is not adequate, an air fed breathing The main health effects of nickel are skin dermatitis (nickel `itch') and it being
system should be used. All precautions for working in confined space should classified as a potential human lung carcinogen. It may also cause nasal cancer.
be observed. Refer to OHSAct No 85 0f 1993 General Safety Regulations 9. Similar to chromium, nickel exists in the fume produced from stainless steel
For More information, refer to the American National Standard Z49.1 Safety in welding.
Welding and Cutting. Molybdenum
Where fume levels exceed the recognised exposure limits, respiratory Molybdenum is of low toxicity, and no specific health effects would be
protection may be required in the form of a Class P2 (metal fume) respirator. expected from exposure to it in welding fume.
Personal Protection Ozone and Nitrogen oxides
Welders and co-workers in the vicinity should wear protective clothing and eye These gases are formed due to interactions of the arc with the surrounding air.
protection appropriate to arc welding as specified by local standards. Both gases can produce eye, respiratory and lung irritation and can also
Protection of Body and Skin produce longer-term lung effects such as decreased lung capacity, chronic
Suitable clothes for welding should be worn such as non light reflective bronchitis, and emphysema. Of particular concern with both gases is that
fireproof overalls, leather apron, welding helmet, leather boots spats and gloves exposure to high levels (eg due to build up in confined spaces) can result in
Protection of Hands acute lung effects such as delayed pulmonary oedema.
Welders should wear suitable hand protection such a welding gloves or Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
gauntlets of a suitable standard. Co-worker should also wear suitable hand Carbon monoxide (CO) is a chemical asphyxiant and its toxicity is due to its
protection against hot metal, sparks and spatter. affinity for oxygen carrying blood haemoglobin causing fatigue, weakness,
Eye Protection dizziness and eventual unconsciousness and possible death. Carbon dioxide
(CO2) is mainly an asphyxiant but can exert some toxic properties by
Welders should wear a welding helmet fitted with the appropriate optical
welding filter for the operation. Suitable protective welding screens and increasing pulse and heart rate. These gases are mainly formed through
goggles should be provided, and used by others working in the same area. decomposition of some electrodes' components, or from oxidation of any
carbon in the wires and rods, or from the shielding gas.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
12. ECOLOGICAL DATA
Physical state Solid
The welding process produces particulate fumes and gases, which may cause
Colour Generally Copper coloured, may be shiny or matt. long-term adverse effects in the environment if released directly into the
Form Metal wire or rod
atmosphere. Welding fumes from the arc processes which use the wires and
Odour Odourless
rods covered by this data sheet can produce carbon dioxide gas, which is
pH Not available
dangerous to the ozone layer.
Vapour pressure Not relevant
Vapour Density Not relevant
Boiling point/ range Not relevant 13. DISPOSAL DATA
Melting Point ~1500篊 Packaging and wire and rod scrap should be disposed of as general waste or
Solubility in water Insoluble
recycled. No special precautions are required for this product.
Density Not available
Explosive/ignition point Non flammable. No fire or explosion hazard exists
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
No special requirements are necessary in transporting these products
15. REGULATIONS
?OHSAct No 85 0f 1993 General Safety Regulations 9.
?SABS 0238 (SANS 10238) Welding and Thermal Cutting Processes
?Health and Safety
16. OTHER INFORMATION
The customer should provide this Materials Safety Data Sheet to any person
involved in the materials use or further distribution. Afrox requests the users
(or distributors) of this product to read this Materials Safety Data Sheet
carefully before usage. Further information can be obtained from the American
National Standard Z49.1 Safety in Welding and Cutting.
The information contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet relates only to the
specific materials designated and may not be valid for such material used in
combination with any other material or in any process.
Information is given in good faith and is based on the latest information
available to Afrox and is, to the best of Afrox's knowledge and belief, accurate
and reliable at the time of preparation. However, no representation, warranty or
guarantee is made as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the
information, and Afrox assumes no responsibility and disclaims any liability
incurred in using this information.
The product is supplied on the condition that the user accepts the responsibility
to satisfy himself as to the suitability and completeness of such information for
his own particular use. Freedom from p
patent rights must not be assumed.
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