Analysis

Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

CAS#	Chemical Name	Percent	EINECS/ELINCS
108-95-2	Phenol	ca.100	203-632-7

Section 3 - Hazards Identification

Appearance: white solid. Flash Point: 79 deg C.
Danger! May be fatal if inhaled, absorbed through the skin or swallowed. Causes burns by all exposure routes. Possible risks of irreversible effects. Readily absorbed through the skin. May cause central nervous system depression. May cause liver and kidney damage.
Target Organs: Blood, kidneys, central nervous system, liver, eyes, skin.


Potential Health Effects
Eye: Causes eye burns.
Skin: May be fatal if absorbed through the skin. Causes skin burns. Direct skin contact results in white, wrinkled discoloration, followed by severe burns. Phenol may be absorbed through the skin rapidly to cause systemic poisoning and possible death due to effects on the CNS system, heart, blood vessels, lungs and kidneys.
Ingestion: May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause central nervous system depression, characterized by excitement, followed by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea. Advanced stages may cause collapse, unconsciousness, coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. May cause perforation of the digestive tract. Causes digestive tract burns with immediate pain, swelling of the throat, convulsions, and possible coma. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, shortness of breath, cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin due to deficient oxygenation of the blood), rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. Overexposure may cause methemoglobinemia. Human fatalities have been reported from acute poisoning. May cause cardiac abnormalities. Toxic if swallowed.
Inhalation: Causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. May be fatal if exposed to high concentrations. Toxic if inhaled. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. May also cause pallor, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, darkened urine, headache, sweating, convulsions, cyanosis (bluish skin due to deficient oxygenation of the blood), unconsciousness, fatigue, pulmonary edema & coma. Inhalation at high concentrations may cause CNS depression and asphixiation.
Chronic: Chronic inhalation and ingestion may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation and ingestion. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. Effects may be delayed. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. Repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis with dark pigmentation of the skin. Animal studies have reported the development of tumors. Possible risk of irreversible effects. Chronic exposures have been reported to cause death from liver and kidney

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid imme diately.
Skin: Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Discard contaminated clothing in a manner which limits further exposure. SPEEDY ACTION IS CRITICAL! Destroy contaminated shoes.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. SPEED IS ESSENTIAL. A DOCTOR MUST BE NOTIFIED AT ONCE.
Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. SPEED IS ESSENTIAL, OBTAIN MEDICAL AID IMMEDIATELY.
Notes to Physician: Persons with liver or kidney disease should not be exposed to phenol for any length of time. Treat symptomatically and supportively.

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. This material in sufficient quantity and reduced particle size is capable of creating a dust explosion. Combustible solid. Containers may explode when heated.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam.
Flash Point: 79 deg C ( 174.20 deg F)
Autoignition Temperature: 605 deg C ( 1,121.00 deg F)
Explosion Limits, Lower:1.7 vol %
Upper: 8.6 vol %
NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 4; Flammability: 2; Instability: 0

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks: Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation.

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Handling: Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Store protected from moisture. Store protected from light. Elevated temperatures will tend to oxidize the product and "Fuse" the dry crystals. Phenol can be stored at room temperatures (60-80癋). It will tend to oxidize less at cooler temperatures. Long term storage at -4癈 will not harm the product and may enhance stability.

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local explosion-proof ventilation to keep airborne levels to acceptable levels.
Exposure Limits

Chemical Name	ACGIH	NIOSH	OSHA - Final PELs
Phenol	5 ppm TWA; Skin - potential significant contribution to overall exposure by the cutaneous r oute	5 ppm TWA; 19 mg/m3 TWA 250 ppm IDLH	5 ppm TWA; 19 mg/m3 TWA

OSHA Vacated PELs: Phenol: 5 ppm TWA; 19 mg/m3 TWA
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators: A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid
Appearance: white
Odor: sweet, fruity odor - sharp odor
pH: 6 aqueous solution
Vapor Pressure: 0.4 mbar @20 deg C
Vapor Density: 3.2
Evaporation Rate:0.01 (butyl acetate=1)
Viscosity: 12.7 centipoise
Boiling Point: 182 deg C @760mmHg
Freezing/Melting Point:39-41 deg C
Decomposition Temperature:Not available.
Solubility: 8g/100ml
Specific Gravity/Density:1.07 (water=1)
Molecular Formula:C6H5OH
Molecular Weight:94.0414

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Hygroscopic: absorbs moisture or water from the air. Prone to redden on exposure to air and light. Phenol may liquify on exposure to moist air.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, light, ignition sources, dust generation, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, peroxydisulfuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, peroxomonosulfuric acid, sodium nitrite, acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, boron trifluoride diethyl ether, strong oxidizing agents, isocyanates, nitrides (e.g. potassium nitride, sodium nitride), acids, moisture, bases, aluminum, halogens, magnesium, nitric acid, zinc, lead.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

RTECS#:      
CAS# 108-95-2: SJ3325000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 108-95-2:
     Draize test, rabbit, eye: 5 mg Severe;
     Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Severe;
     Draize test, rabbit, skin: 100 mg Mild;
     Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 177 mg/m3;
     Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 177 mg/m3/4H;
     Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 316 mg/m3;
     Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 316 mg/m3/4H;
     Oral, mouse: LD50 = 270 mg/kg;
     Oral, rat: LD50 = 317 mg/kg;
     Oral, rat: LD50 = 512 mg/kg;
     Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 630 mg/kg;
     Skin, rat: LD50 = 669 mg/kg;
     Skin, rat: LD50 = 1500 mg/kg;
.

Carcinogenicity:
CAS# 108-95-2: Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65.

Epidemiology: The predominant acute action of a toxic dose of phenol in man appears to be to the central nervous system, leading to sudden collapse and unconsciousness.
Teratogenicity: Oral, rat: TDLo = 1200 mg/kg (female 6-15 day(s) after conception) Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus).; Oral, mouse: TDLo = 4 gm/kg (female 6-15 day(s) after conception) Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system.
Reproductive Effects: Oral, rat: TDLo = 300 mg/kg (female 6-15 day(s) after conception) Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants).
Mutagenicity: Mutation Test Systems - not otherwise specified: Human, HeLa cell = 17 mg/L.; DNA Inhibition: Human, HeLa cell = 1 mmol/L.; Mutation Test Systems - not otherwise specified: Human, Lymphocyte = 5 umol/L.; Sister Chromatid Exchange: Human, Lymphocyte = 5 umol/L.
Neurotoxicity: No information found
Other Studies:

Section 12 - Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Water flea Daphnia: EC50=12 mg/l; 48-hour; CAS# 108-95-2: UnspecifiedWater flea Daphnia: EC50=4.0 mg/l; 96-hour; CAS# 108-95-2: UnspecifiedFish: Fathead Minnow: LC50 > 50 mg/l; 1 Hr; CAS# 108-95-2 Static @ 18-22癈Fish: Fathead Minnow: TLm = 41 mg/L; 48-hour; CAS# 108-95-2: Flow-through @ 15癈Fish: Bluegill/Sunfish: TLm = 19 / 5.7 mg/L; 96 Hr; CAS# 108-95-2: Flow-through If released to the environment, phenol's primary removal mechanism is biodegradation which is generally rapid (days). If phenol is released to soil, it will readily leach and biodegrade. The biodegradation in soil is generally rapid with half-lives of under 5 days even in subsurface soils.
Environmental: Phenol does not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. In the atmosphere, phenol occurs as a vapor and reacts with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals resulting in a half-life of approximately 15 hours. During the nighttime, it reacts with nitrate radicals with a resulting half-life of 12 minutes. Phenol has also been shown to be readily removed from the atmosphere by rain.
Physical: No information available.
Other: Do not empty into drains.

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations

Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.
RCRA P-Series: None listed.
RCRA U-Series:
CAS# 108-95-2: waste number U188.

Section 14 - Transport Information

	US DOT	Canada TDG
Shipping Name:	PHENOL, SOLID	PHENOL, SOLID
Hazard Class:	6.1	6.1
UN Number:	UN1671	UN1671
Packing Group:	II	II

Section 15 - Regulatory Information

US FEDERAL

TSCA
     CAS# 108-95-2 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
Health & Safety Reporting List
     CAS# 108-95-2: Effective 6/1/87, Sunset 6/1/97
Chemical Test Rules
     None of the chemicals in this product are under a Chemical Test Rule.
Section 12b
     None of the chemicals are listed under TSCA Section 12b.
TSCA Significant New Use Rule
     None of the chemicals in this material have a SNUR under TSCA.
CERCLA Hazardous Substances and corresponding RQs
     CAS# 108-95-2: 1000 lb final RQ; 454 kg final RQ
SARA Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances
     CAS# 108-95-2: 500 lb lower threshold TPQ; 10000 lb upper threshold TP      Q
SARA Codes
     CAS # 108-95-2: immediate, delayed, fire.
Section 313
     Phenol is not at a high enough concentration to be reportable under Section 313.      No chemicals are reportable under Section 313.
Clean Air Act:
     CAS# 108-95-2 is listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP).
     This material does not contain any Class 1 Ozone depletors.
     This material does not contain any Class 2 Ozone depletors.
Clean Water Act:
CAS# 108-95-2 is listed as a Hazardous Substance under the CWA.      CAS# 108-95-2 is listed as a Priority Pollutant under the Clean Water      Act. CAS# 108-95-2 is listed as a Toxic Pollutant under the Clean Water Act.
OSHA:
     None of the chemicals in this product are considered highly hazardous by OSHA.
STATE
     CAS# 108-95-2 can be found on the following state right to know lists: California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Massachusetts.

California Prop 65

California No Significant Risk Level: None of the chemicals in this product are listed.

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols:
     T
Risk Phrases:
     R 23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if
     swallowed.
     R 34 Causes burns.
     R 48/20/21/22 Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by
     prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if
     swallowed.
     R 68 Possible risk of irreversible effects.

Safety Phrases:
     S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice
     immediately (show the label where possible).
     S 53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
     S 60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardou
     s waste.
     S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions
     /safety data sheets.

WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
     CAS# 108-95-2: 2
Canada - DSL/NDSL
     CAS# 108-95-2 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
Canada - WHMIS
     This product has a WHMIS classification of D1A, E, D2B.
This product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products Regulations and the MSDS contains all of the information required by those regulations.
Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List
     CAS# 108-95-2 is listed on the Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List.

Section 16 - Additional Information

MSDS Creation Date: 7/15/1999
Revision #8 Date: 6/29/2007

The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their particular purposes. In no event shall Fisher be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if Fisher has been advised of the possibility of such damages.